真意保留与戏谑行为的反思与构建  

Introspection and Construction of True Meaning Reservations and Playful Behavior

作　　者：冉克平[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学法学院

出　　处：《比较法研究》2016年第6期172-184,共13页Journal of Comparative Law

基　　金：笔者主持的2015年国家社科基金后期资助项目(第三批)"意思表示瑕疵:学说与规范"(项目号:15FFX015)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：德国法上的真意保留与戏谑行为均属于表意人有意使表示与意思不一致的单方虚伪表示。差别仅在于表意人的主观方面:前者的表意人有意隐藏其真意;后者的表意人期待相对人认清其真意。因为主观举证的困难,两者几乎难以界分。由于现代社会对信赖保护与交易安全的强烈需求,我国民法典总则应当废弃戏谑行为,只规定真意保留即可,并以相对人明知表意人真意保留作为表意人撤销该意思表示的条件,以适应保护相对人的合理信赖为原则兼及表意人意思自治的立法趋势。True meaning reservations and non- sincerity expression of the German law are that expression person inconsistent with intentionally false representation unilateral meaning. The only difference is that the subjective aspect of expression people： the former expression person intentionally hides its true meaning; the latter expression person expects their counterparts to recognize the true meaning. Because of the difficulties of subjective evidence,the two are hard to distinguish. Due to the strong demand for modern society trust protection and transaction security,our Civil Code should abandon non- sincerity expression,formulate true meaning reservations,and set up a condition allowing expression people to revoke the expression if the other party knows his true meaning in order to adapt the trend which protects reasonable reliance of counterpart and autonomy of expression people.

关 键 词：真意保留 戏谑行为 合理信赖 表示主义 意思主义 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]