茶树体内硫的分布特征及施硫对茶叶产量和品质影响研究  

Characteristics of Sulphur Distribution in Tea Plant and the Effect of Sulphur Application on Tea Yield and Quality

作　　者：潘建义[1,2] 洪苏婷 张友炯[4] 朱跃进 廖万有[6] 韩文炎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,浙江杭州310008 [2]浙江省丽水市农业局,浙江丽水323000 [3]浙江省淳安县文昌镇人民政府,浙江淳安311705 [4]浙江省建德市农业局,浙江建德311600 [5]浙江省义乌市农技推广服务中心,浙江义乌322000 [6]安徽省农业科学院茶叶研究所,安徽祁门245600

出　　处：《茶叶科学》2016年第6期575-586,共12页Journal of Tea Science

基　　金：中国农业科学院创新团队(CAAS-ASTIP-2015-TRICAAS-08);浙江省三农六方(CTZB-F150922AWZ-SNY1-15);国家自然科学基金(41171218)

摘　　要：采用田间试验和调查,对茶树体内硫的分布特征及施硫对茶叶产量和品质的影响进行了研究。结果表明,茶树体内以吸收根和新梢等生命活动旺盛的部位硫含量较高,成熟叶片次之,主干和主根硫含量最低;施硫后茶树吸收根和新梢硫含量显著提高,而主根和主干变化不大。新梢一芽二叶硫含量(Y)与土壤有效硫含量(X)呈极显著正相关(Y=5.6043X+1903.6,P<0.001)。幼龄茶树施硫后树高、树幅、主干直径、分枝数、百芽重等均有显著增加。成龄茶园施硫后增产幅度在-2.1%~25.0%之间,平均10.8%;茶叶品质成分氨基酸、茶多酚和水浸出物含量有不同程度提高,其中氨基酸提高明显,酚氨比降低。从施硫增产幅度与施硫前土壤有效硫含量的函数关系式得出茶园土壤缺硫临界值为27.4 mg·kg^(-1)。使用硫磺粉能明显提高表层土壤有效硫含量,但土壤pH降低,且随施硫量的增加,pH降幅增大。因此,科学合理施硫对于促进茶叶生产的持续健康发展十分必要。By using field experiment and survey, the characteristics of sulphur （S） distribution in tea plant and the effect of S application on tea yield and quality were studied. The results showed that S was mainly distributed in the active parts of tea plant, such as new shoots and feeding roots, followed by mature leaves, trunk and main roots were among the lowest. S contents in shoots and feeding roots were significantly increased after S application.＆amp;nbsp;However, the trunk and main roots had no significant change. The S concentrations in one bud and two leaves （Y） had a significant and positive correlation with the S contents available in soil （X）, with the equation of Y=5.6043X＋1903.6 （P〈0.001）. S powder as a fertilizer could significantly increase height, width, thickness of trunk, number of branches and 100-shoot weight of tea plants. The increasing rate of S application in tea yield ranged from-2.1% to 25.0% with an average of 10.8%. Tea quality components including free amino acids, polyphenols and water extracts were also increased. The increase of amino acids （AA） was higher than that of tea polyphenols （TP）, resulting in a lower ratio of TP to AA. The correlation equation of increased ratio of tea yield after S application and S content available in soil before S application showed that the soil threshold of S deficiency was 27.4 mg·kg^-1. S powder application could significantly increase available S contents in 0-20 cm soil, but reducing soil pH. From these results, it could be concluded that rational application of S fertilizers is important for sustainable developme nt of tea production.

关 键 词：茶树 硫 分布特征 缺硫临界值 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] S143.79[农业科学—作物学]