中性面部表情的积极和消极评价性条件反射的建立  被引量:1

The establishment of positive and negative evaluative conditioning reflex of neutral facial expression

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作  者:罗峥[1] 王秋韵[1] 张腾月[1] 邓思雨 Luo Zheng Wang Qiuyun Zhang Tengyue Deng Siyu("Learning and Cognition" Key Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区:[1]首都师范大学心理学系“学习与认知”重点实验室,北京100037

出  处:《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2016年第11期1023-1027,共5页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基  金:北京市教委科技计划面上项目(KM201310028018);北京市社会科学基金项目(16JYB008)

摘  要:目的检验中性面部表情的积极和消极评价性条件反射建立的效果。方法以41名大学生为被试,将中性表情与积极图片(US+)或消极图片(US.)配对多次反复呈现,并进行多种学习结果测量(主观评价:效价和唤醒;生理测量:惊跳反应和皮肤电)。结果学习后,在主观评价上,与积极图片匹配的中性表情(积极CS+)的效价评价显著高于与消极图片匹配的中性表情(消极CS+)和中性表情(CS-),消极CS+的效价评价显著低于CS-[积极CS+(5.05±1.24),消极Cs+(3.73±1.48),中性CS-(4.46±1.04),P〈0.05];在生理指标上,积极CS+的惊跳反应幅度(T分数)显著低于消极CS+和CS-[积极CS+(45.04±5.56),消极CS+(51.44±9.30),中性CS.(54.52±10.60),P〈0.01]。结论中性表情可通过评价性条件反射获得积极和消极效价。但是动机倾向的获得只发生在积极评价性条件反射中。Objective To examine the effect of positive and negative evaluative conditioning (EC) on neutral faces. Methods The experiment consisted of three phases:baseline phase, conditioning phase, and re-evaluative phase, in which 41 college students participated, watching sequences of neutral faces (CS) pairing to either a positive stimulus (USpos) or a negative stimulus (USneg). Their emotional experiences (valence and arousal) and physiological reactivity (eyeblink startle reflex and skin conductance) were recor- ded. Results (1)In the re-evaluative phase, CSpos was rated significantly more positive than CSneg and CSneut ,while CSneg was rated significantly more negative than CSneut (CSpos (5.05±1.24), CSneg (3.73± 1.48) ,CSneut (4.46±1.04) , P〈0.05). (2)In the re-evaluative phase,the mean startle eyeblink response magnitude(T score) to CSpos was significantly smaller than the responses elicited by CSneg and CSneut ( CSpos (45.04±5.56), CSneg (51.44±9.30), CSneut ( 54.52± 10.60), P〈0.01 ). Conclusion The find- ings suggest that neutral faces can acquire valences and approach motivation through EC.

关 键 词:面部表情 中性表情 评价性条件反射 眨眼惊跳反射 主观评价 

分 类 号:B842.6[哲学宗教—基础心理学]

 

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