由汉语、塔吉克语“是”字句异同看强调句构成的语言类型  

On the Linguistic Type of Emphatic Sentences——Based on the Contrast of Shi-Sentences in Chinese and Tajik

作　　者：张全生[1,2] 邓新[1,2] ZHANGQuan-sheng DENG Xin(College of International Cultural Communication, Xinjiang Normal University Central Asia international Chinese education research centre, Urumqi Xinjiang 830054)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学国际文化交流学院 [2]中亚汉语国际教育研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《双语教育研究》2016年第4期55-63,2,共9页Bilingual Education Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究新疆项目(11XJJC740003);新疆维吾尔自治区普通高校重点人文社科重点研究基地"中亚汉语国际教育研究中心"科研项目"中亚孔子学院运行机制研究"(XJEDU040712A02);"塔吉克斯坦语言政策研究"(XJEDU040715C01)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：塔吉克语系词budan具有汉语"是"判断等同或属种关系,表示存在的功能。但塔吉克语特殊的语序类型未能提供系词budan发展出强调标记功能的条件。塔吉克语使用前置相关成分的手段构成强调句,前置和加用标记词是人类语言能起到凸显强调作用的有效句法手段,不同语言因自身结构系统选择不同的手段。Like the word shi in Chinese, the link verb budan in Tajik has the functions of indicating existence, connecting equivalents,or showing the subordinating relationship between elements, yet it fails to function as an emphatic marker because in Tajik, the special word order of preposing relevant elements is used to achieve emphasis. Both preposing and marker adding are effective syntactic means to highlight emphasis, and different languages may choose different ways to indicate emphasis, which shows language＇s universality in its producing emphatic sentences.

关 键 词：汉语 塔吉克语 “是”字句 强调句 语言类型 

分 类 号：H003[语言文字—语言学]