无牙颌种植后即刻负重的临床回顾研究  

Clinical retrospective study of immediate loading of dental implants in edentulous jaws

作　　者：王培[1] 李明[1] 朱志军[1] 徐景明[1] 陈冬雷[1] 汤春波[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学口腔疾病研究江苏省重点实验室,南京医科大学附属口腔医院种植修复科,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《口腔医学》2016年第12期1087-1091,共5页Stomatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81470778);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(2014-37)

摘　　要：目的探讨无牙颌患者种植后进行即刻负重修复技术的可行性和临床效果。方法从2012年1月至2015年3月间,共22例无牙颌患者合计140枚种植体植入后行即刻负重,均于48 h内完成种植体支持的临时义齿修复,4-6个月后行永久修复。对该修复方案下的种植体留存率、种植体边缘骨吸收情况、种植体稳固性及周围龈组织状况以及患者应用的临床效果进行观察和研究。结果 22例共140枚种植体行即刻负重,其中有3枚种植体失败,种植体留存率为97.9%。种植体负重后6个月和12个月的边缘骨吸收量分别为（0.62±0.11）mm和（0.74±0.13）mm。通过对患者的病例回顾发现共有4例发生不同程度的机械并发症,包括修复体折裂、重衬、人工牙脱落等。种植体周围龈组织健康,未出现明显的红肿。临时义齿固位良好,患者满意度高。结论选择适当的病例,应用种植外科和修复技术对无牙颌患者行即刻负重修复是可行的,可获得理想的临床效果,近期疗效可靠。Objective To investigate the clinical feasibility of immediate loading in edentulous patients and evaluate the clinical effect of treatment. Methods 22 edentulous patients from January 2012 to March 2015 were enrolled. Totally 140 implants were inserted and were immediate loaded within 48 hours by fixed provisional prosthesis. Then,the permanent restorations were performed 4 to6 months later. Afterwards,survival rate of implants,marginal bone absorption level,implant stability,condition of gingival tissue around implants and degree of satisfaction of the patients were observed and evaluated. Results A total of 140 implants were loaded immediately. Three implants failed and the survival rate was 97. 9%（137/140）. The average marginal bone absorption was（0. 62 ±0. 11） mm in six months and（0. 74 ± 0. 13） mm in twelve months. During the follow-up period,mechanical complications occurred in4 patients,such as provisional prosthesis fracture,relining,the artificial teeth crack and so on. Healthy gingival tissue around implants was seen. The dentures were stable and function of chewing was restored well. Patients were satisfied with the clinical treatment. Conclusion Choosing appropriate cases,the immediate loading in edentulous patients using surgical and restorative techniques is predictable. An ideal and reliable clinical efficacy can be obtained in the short and medium term.

关 键 词：无牙颌 牙种植 即刻负重 

分 类 号：R783.4[医药卫生—口腔医学]