如何行使优先购买权——以最高院司法解释的演进为线索  

How to Exercise the Preemptive Right——By clue of the evolution of the supreme court judicial interpretation

作　　者：曹博[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学经济法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《河北法学》2016年第12期71-78,共8页Hebei Law Science

基　　金：国家社科基金<民法典制定中优先购买权制度的体系性建构研究>(16BFX096)阶段性成果

摘　　要：优先购买权属于形成权,依据权利人单方面意思表示即可成立优先购买权人和出卖人之间的买卖关系。优先购买权的行使以出卖人和第三人已经订立买卖合同为前提条件。在优先购买权人行使权利后,将形成"出卖人和第三人买卖合同"与"出卖人和优先购买权人买卖关系"同时并存的双重买卖关系,并可以依一般的双重买卖机制协调各方利益。我国法律和司法解释已经明确,房屋承租人优先购买权仅仅具有债权效力。而按份共有人优先购买权应当也仅仅具有债权效力。The preemptive right belongs to the right of formation, which can create a sale relationship between the preemptive right holder and the seller based on the right holder＇s unilateral declaration of intention. The preemptive right can be exercised on condition that the seller and the third person have entered into a sale contract. When the preemptive right is exercised by a right holder, the dual sales relationship will be created, which includes ＂the sale contract between the seller and the third person＂ and ＂ the sale relationship between the seller and the preemptive right holder＂ simultaneously, and we can coordinate the interests of all parties in accordance with the general dual sales mechanism. Chinese law and relevant judicial interpretation have made it clear that the preemptive right of house lessee only has the effect of obligation. Meanwhile, the preemptive right of several co-owners shall just have the same effect of obligation.

关 键 词：优先购买权 形成权 双重买卖 物权效力 债权效力 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]