水下采油树应用技术发展现状  

Development Status of Subsea Christmas Tree

作　　者：王宇 张俊斌 陈斌 李勇 郝希宁 张玉刚 肖凯文 

机构地区：[1]中海油研究总院 [2]中海石油有限公司深圳分公司

出　　处：《石油机械》2016年第12期59-64,共6页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"深水钻完井工程技术"(2011ZX05026-001;2016ZX05028-001);国家973计划项目"海洋深水油气安全高效钻完井基础研究"(2015CB251203)

摘　　要：研发水下采油树的关键在于能否通过相关标准规范所要求的压力循环测试、高低温循环测试、载荷循环测试及外部高压测试等。在介绍水下采油树相关标准规范的基础上,分析了水下采油树的结构类型及结构演变,简述了水下采油树各控制系统类型的特点,分析了采油树、油管挂、内树帽的安装管柱及安装方法。指出超深水和超高温高压的水下采油树是水下采油树未来的发展方向。卧式采油树可用浮式钻井装置的钻柱或用工程船的大吨位吊机的钢丝进行安装。水下采油树的模块化设计可缩短采油树的供货周期,跨接管式电泵增压系统、跨接管式流量计和高完整性压力保护系统等新工艺技术的出现,将有利于降低水下采油树和水下开发项目的综合成本。所得结论可为水下采油树的设计和应用提供参考。The key to the development of subsea tree is whether it can meet the requirement by the relevant standards and specifications in pressure circulation test,high and low temperature circulation test,load circulation test and external high pressure test. The relevant standards and specifications of the subsea tree have been introduced. The structural types and structure evolution of the subsea tree were analyzed. The characteristics of the control system of the subsea tree were briefly discussed. The installation string and installation method for the subsea tree, tubing hanger, inner tree cap have been analyzed. It is pointed out that the ultra-deep water and the ultra-high pressure and temperature subsea tree is the future development trend of subsea tree. The modular design of the sub-sea tree could shorten the lead time. The jumper electric pump booster system, the jumper flowmeter and the high integrity pressure protection system could help reduce the overall cost of subsea tree and subsea development projects. The study conclusions could provide references for the design and application of subsea tree.

关 键 词：水下采油树 控制系统 安装技术 油管挂 内树帽 增压系统 

分 类 号：TE952[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]