高海拔隧道施工关键工序劳动强度分级标准研究  

Study on the Labor Intensity Classification Standard for Critical Construction Procedures of High-Altitude Tunnels

作　　者：吴秋军[1,2] 于丽[1,2] 谢文强 李琦[1,2] 王明年[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学土木工程学院,成都610031 [2]西南交通大学交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室,成都610031 [3]中铁二局集团第二工程有限公司,成都610091

出　　处：《现代隧道技术》2016年第6期44-48,88,共6页Modern Tunnelling Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51308472);国家自然科学基金项目(51678493);重庆市应用开发计划重点项目(cstc2014yykf B30003);西南交通大学博士研究生创新基金

摘　　要：高海拔隧道施工中,施工人员容易出现缺氧等现象,人体劳动强度与在平原隧道施工时的情况存在差异。文章依托雀儿山隧道工程,基于国家劳动强度分级标准及实际调研成果,得到了平原地区隧道施工工序的劳动强度等级划分标准;基于肺泡通气量原理,得到了平均代谢率随海拔高度变化的修正系数;考虑人体劳动的平均能量代谢率海拔修正系数,计算得到了不同海拔下隧道关键施工工序的劳动强度指数和强度等级以及雀儿山隧道关键施工工序的劳动强度等级。通过对比分析可知,雀儿山隧道关键施工工序的劳动强度等级普遍比平原隧道施工的强度等级高一级。During tunnel construction at high altitudes, construction crews often encounter an oxygen deficit and their labor intensity is different than when they are working in normal-altitude （plain area） tunnels. In this paper, us- ing the Queershan tunnel as an engineering case, the labor intensity classification standard for tunnel construction procedures in a plain area is obtained according to the national physical labor intensity classification standards and actual research results. Based on the principle of alveolar ventilation, the correction coefficient of the average meta- bolic rate changing with altitude is obtained. Considering the correction coefficient of the average energy metabolic rate changing with altitude for physical labor, the labor intensity indexes and classifications of critical tunnel con- struction procedures under different altitudes and the labor intensity classification of critical construction proce- dures in the Queershan tunnel are calculated. By comparative analysis, it is found that the labor intensity classifica- tion of critical construction procedures in the Queershan tunnel is generally one level higher than the labor intensity of tunnel construction in plain areas （normal altitudes）.

关 键 词：高海拔 特长隧道 劳动强度 分级标准 施工工序 

分 类 号：R134.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生] U455[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]