西方大学转型与章程创新  

Transformation of Western Universities and Innovation of Statutes

作　　者：王海莹[1] 王大磊[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津市教育科学研究院 [2]信阳师范学院教科院

出　　处：《教育研究》2016年第11期133-137,共5页Educational Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金"十二五"规划2014年度教育学一般课题"高等院校转型实践中的章程变革研究"(课题批准号:BJA140061)的研究成果

摘　　要：西方大学转型是为了适应社会发展而优化组织结构、创新章程、实现自身健康发展的过程。从制度创新的角度划分,西方大学发轫于中世纪,历经两次转型,主要形成了德国研究型大学和美国社会服务型大学两种章程类型。前者的创新体现在国家文化观下对"学术自由"和"教授治校"制度构建,后者的创新体现在大学职能、层次、学位及课程的制度创建更贴近社会需求。以大学章程创新应对时代、社会环境所发生的变化,是当前大学所面临的重要命题。The transformation of western universities is a process to adapt to social development and optimize theorganizational structure,innovate statutes,and seek the best system and the statutes to achieve healthy development ofitself. Divided from the view of system innovation,the western universities,which began in medieval universities,havegone through two transformations and formed the characteristics of German research universities and American socialservice universities. The innovation of the former is reflected in the system of ＂academic freedom＂ and ＂facultygovernance＂ in the view of national culture,and the latter is reflected in the establishment of university functions,levels,degrees and courses which is more close to the social needs. How to meet the changes brought by times and socialenvironments with the innovation of statutes is the key issue of the current university.

关 键 词：西方大学 转型 大学章程 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学]