不同来源吸附载体大豆糖蜜对奶牛瘤胃内环境的影响  

Effects of wheat bran and bean hull as adsorption substrates for soybean molasses on the ruminal environment of dairy cows

作　　者：韩奇鹏 张佩华[2] 罗玲[2] 揭红东 周传社[1] 陈亮[1] 孔志伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术中心,农业部中南动物营养与饲料科学观测实验站,湖南长沙410125 [2]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院畜禽遗传改良湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《草业科学》2016年第12期2559-2564,共6页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31372342);中国科学院科技服务网络计划课题(KFJ-EW-STS-071);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05020700);中央驻湘科研机构技术创新发展专项(2013TF3006)

摘　　要：为考察不同来源吸附载体大豆糖蜜对奶牛瘤胃内环境的影响,采用3×3拉丁方试验设计,选用3头年龄相同(3胎次)、体重相近[(500±50)kg]且安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的中国荷斯坦奶牛为试验动物,分别饲喂基础日粮、豆皮糖蜜和麸皮糖蜜日粮。结果表明,豆皮糖蜜组和麸皮糖蜜组瘤胃pH均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),而豆皮糖蜜组和麸皮糖蜜组之间瘤胃pH没有显著差异(P>0.05);麸皮糖蜜组瘤胃NH_3-N浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但与豆皮糖蜜组没有显著差异(P>0.05);各处理间奶牛瘤胃各单个挥发性脂肪酸(volatile fatty acid,VFA,包括乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、丁酸、异戊酸和戊酸)浓度、总VFA浓度和乙丙比均没有显著差异(P>0.05);但与对照组相比,豆皮糖蜜组瘤胃总VFA浓度有降低趋势;而麸皮糖蜜组瘤胃总VFA浓度有提高趋势。结果显示,在奶牛饲料中可用豆皮糖蜜替代15%玉米以及用麸皮糖蜜替代6%玉米和10%麸皮,均具有调控瘤胃稳衡的作用,且麸皮糖蜜替代效果优于豆皮糖蜜。We examined the effects of soybean molasses adsorbed to different substrates on the ruminal environment of dairy cows.Three Chinese Holstein dairy cows（all the same age,and three parity）with an average body weight of（500±50）kg were allocated three dietary treatments in a 3×3Latin square design.The cows were fitted with the permanent ruminal fistula,the three experimental diets were similar except that some wheat bran（replaced 15% of corn meal by adsorbed soybean molasses with wheat bran）or soybean hull（replaced 10% of wheat bran and 5% corn meal by adsorbed soybean molasses with soybean hull）.The results showed that the molasses that were adsorbed to soybean hull and wheat bran significantly increased the pH value of the rumen compared to the control group（P〈0.01）.However,there was no significant difference（P〉0.05）between the pH values of the rumens of cows fed diets containing molasses adsorbed to soybean hull and wheat bran.The wheat bran diet resulted in significantly lower ruminal NH_3-N concentrations than the control diet（P〈0.05）,however,no differences were observed between soybean hull and control diets（P〉0.05）.Furthermore,no significant differences（P〈0.05）were observed in individual volatile fatty acid（VFA）（acetate,propionate,isobutyrate,butyrate,isovalerate,and valerate）concentrations or the acetate/propionate（A∶P）ratio between the control and treatment groups.However,the ruminal total VFA concentration in cows of the soybean hull molasses group did show a lower trend than that observed in the control group,whereas ruminal total VFA concentration in cows of the wheat bran molasses group had a tendency to increase.These results suggest that it would be efficient that feed soybean hull molasses to replace 15% of corn meal instead of 10%of what bran and 5%corn meal in dairy cattle.Molasses adsorbed to both wheat bran and soybean hull have the ability to maintain ruminal homeostasis,although wheat bran is a better adsorption substrate than soybean

关 键 词：大豆糖蜜 瘤胃内环境 奶牛 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学]