基于高分辨率遥感数据的港口开发对区域用地结构影响分析  

Impact analysis of port development on regional land use structure based on high resolution remote sensing data

作　　者：李静[1] 白灵瑶 刘慧明[1] 刘晓曼[1] 王亚琴[3,4] 屈冉[1] 聂忆黄[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部卫星环境应用中心,北京100094 [2]中国地质大学,北京100083 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《资源科学》2016年第12期2383-2391,共9页Resources Science

基　　金：国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201409100)

摘　　要：港口的快速发展给中国海岸带生态环境带来影响,高分辨率遥感数据源为深入开展港口区域土地利用演变研究提供了可能。本文首先构建了能够反映区域港口开发及用地特点的土地利用高分辨率遥感分类体系,并以厦门市三个处于不同发展阶段的东渡港和海沧、嵩屿港为研究区,对2004-2014年区域港口开发及其带来的土地利用结构演变规律进行研究。结果表明:港口快速发展导致区域港口用地、工业用地、城镇居住用地、交通用地等大量增加,同时导致区域耕地、林地、滩涂、海域等自然、半自然用地大量减少,处于不同发展阶段的港口土地利用演变特点及成因不同,处于起步和快速扩张阶段的海沧、嵩屿港区域,土地利用演变以港口运输业发展驱动为主,港口及工业用地大规模扩张,城市化过程相对滞后;已完成快速扩张,处于发展后期的东渡港区域,土地利用演变受到城市发展和港口开发双重影响,城镇用地成为区域主导土地利用类型,但受港口开发影响,工业用地也有较大增幅。基于高分辨率遥感数据深入分析处于不同发展阶段的典型港区开发对区域用地结构的影响以及港城用地竞争矛盾和规律,对新时期中国"一带一路"战略实施背景下港口城市的发展和建设都具有重要科学指导和借鉴意义。Rapid development of ports has influenced the coastal ecological environment in China heavily. The successive creation of high resolution remote sensing images makes it possible to carry out research on the evolution of land use in port areas. Here,we first built a detailed land use classification system that reflects port development and land use characteristics based on high resolution remote sensing images. Then,taking three ports at different stages of development（Dongdu,Haicang and Songyu）,we study the mechanism of land use structural evolution caused by port construction. The results showed that the rapid development of ports led to large increases in port land,industry land,urban residential land and traffic land;natural and semi- natural land such as cultivated land,wood land,shoal land and sea have been occupied. The characteristics and causes were different for ports at different development stages. For Haicang and Songyu（early and rapid development stage）,land use evolution was mainly driven by port transportation development,port land and industry land expanded at a large scale,but urbanization is lagging. For Dongdu（completed rapid development）,land use evolution was driven by interactions between urbanization and port development;urban land is now the dominant regional land use type,but industry land also increased as a result of port development. This kind of research on ports and their development will be important in the implementation of the‘One Road,One Belt’strategy in China.

关 键 词：港口开发 高分辨率卫星数据 用地结构 影响分析 厦门 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]