墨脱自然保护区嗜热放线菌多样性及生物活性初步研究  

Biological Activity and Biological Diversity of Thermophilic Actinomycete in the Moutuo Nature Reserve of Tibet

作　　者：尹明远[1] 张格杰[1] 何建清[1] 

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第12期34-41,共8页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260005);西藏农牧学院研究生创新计划项目(YJS2015-02)

摘　　要：研究墨脱自然保护区嗜热放线菌的多样性、产酶潜力及其拮抗活性.从墨脱自然保护区采集的35份土样制成土壤悬液,微波分别处理40s,用平板稀释法分离放线菌,形态去重后得到有代表性的嗜热放线菌,测定其16S rRNA基因序列,进行系统发育分析,将分离菌株鉴定到属;采用生长速率法测定各菌株发酵液对2种细菌和5种农作物真菌的抑菌活性,对分离菌株进行纤维素酶、蛋白酶、淀粉酶等酶活初筛.结果表明,从墨脱自然保护区分离到有代表性的24株嗜热放线菌;16S rRNA基因序列分析表明它们分布于放线菌门放线菌纲下4个亚目4个科,4个属,即链霉菌属、马杜拉放线菌属、拟无枝酸菌属和列舍瓦列氏菌属;功能酶筛选结果显示:22.3%具有纤维素酶活性,11.6%具有淀粉酶活性,24.6%具有蛋白酶活性.抑菌活性实验结果表明:嗜热放线菌19.6%有抑菌活性.研究发现墨脱自然保护区生境蕴藏丰富嗜热放线菌资源,酶活性及抗菌活性初步筛选显示出了良好的降解和抗菌活性,为下一步的深入研究提供良好的菌源.In order to analysis of the biodiversity and bioactivity of thermophilic actinomycete and the en- zymes they produced. A, a total of 35 soil samples were collected from Moutuo Nature Reserve of tibet. Each sample was made into suspension, and radiated by microwave for 40 s. Actinomycetes were isolated with plate dilution method. According to morphological characters, 24 typical stains were selected from 112 isolates. The thermophilic actinomycete strains were identified by sequence analysis of 16S rRNA . The antimicrobial activity of all strains were tested against plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria by measur- ing the mycelium growth rate. Enzymes including amylase, proteinase and cellulase were detected. Based on their 16S rRNA sequence, the 24 representative strains were distributed into 4 genera （Streptomyces, Lechevalieria, Amycolatopsis, Actinomadura） of 4 families belong to 4 orders of actinobacteria. Among all strains, 22.3% produced cellulase, 11.6% produced amylase and 24.6% produced proteinase; 19.6% ac- tinomycetes showed inhibiting activity to 5 fungi and 2 bacteria, among which 1 actinomycetes with high antimicrobial activities were obtained. Diverse thermophilic actinomycete were discovered from Moutuo Nature Reserve of tibetTibet. These strains have good degrading and antibacterial activity. This study would provide a good source of bacteria for further research.

关 键 词：嗜热放线菌 16S RRNA 生物活性 多样性 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学]