康有为与民初政治保守主义的调适——侧重革命与复辟问题  

KANG You-wei and the Modulation of Political Conservatism in the Early Years of the Republic of China: Focusing on Revolution and Restoration

作　　者：高波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学历史学院,北京100872

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第6期23-30,共8页Journal of East China Normal University（Humanities and Social Sciences）

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目(15XNB036)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：面对晚清排满民族主义的压力,康有为试图以其今文学革命论与三世说做出回应。他强调革命是中国历史的常态,共和则为政治演化的终极目标,而"虚君"这一特定的"名"可以曲折表达共和之理,且符合民众与精英对象征性权威的需要,因此,适宜作为趋向共和的阶段性工具。从民初直到复辟时期,他在思想与实践上均试图重构清朝君主制,剥离其所负载的神圣意涵,仅作为民族君主国的象征性符号。这一构想以否认君主制在理念与价值世界中的神圣性为前提,从而进一步确认了共和主义在意识形态上的主导权。民初政治保守主义的失败,以及随后向文化保守主义的转型,都与此类构想在理念与价值层面的自我限制有关。Under the pressure of anti-Manchu nationalism in the late Qing Dynasty,KANG You-wei attempted to response with his doctrine of revolution and three generations from the perspective of the official script school of Confucianism. He argues that revolution has been normal in Chinese history,and the ultimate goal of political evolution is to found a republic. According to him,the particular title of a 'monarch without real political power',which not only implies the ideal of republic but also meets the common people and elites'desire for a symbolic authority,can serve as a provisional instrument towards republic. From the beginning of the Republic to the Restoration Period,KANG intended to restore the monarchy of the Qing government both in theory and in practice,depriving its sacred meaning and making it only a symbol of a nation state. This concept denies the divinity of monarchy and affirms the dominance of republicanism in ideology. The failure of political conservatism in the early years of the Republic of China,together with its transformation into cultural conservatism afterwards,is related to the self-limitation of such concept in the respects of theory and value.

关 键 词：康有为 共和 革命 复辟 今文学 

分 类 号：D092[政治法律—政治学]