基于生物有效性的重金属单一及联合毒性研究进展  

ADVANCES IN SINGLE AND COMBINED TOXICITY OF HEAVY METALS BASED ON BIOAVAILABILITY

作　　者：王飞飞[1,2] 朱岩[1,2] 张亚辉[2] 曹莹[2] 曾鸿鹄[1] 

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541004 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《环境工程》2016年第12期43-47,共5页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07501-003);国家自然科学基金(21407139)

摘　　要：水环境中的重金属受到水化学性质的影响产生形态变化,导致其对水生生物的生物有效性和毒性的改变。生物配体模型(BLM)考虑了水化学性质对金属的水生生物毒性的影响,可用来预测重金属对水生生物的毒性效应。毒性是金属与生物配体的平衡常数和生物膜上被金属络合的配体位点数量的函数。毒性效应被定义为金属在生物配体上的富集达到或超过一个临界阈值浓度。重点论述了水化学性质对重金属生物有效性的影响、重金属联合毒性评价的研究现状,并对存在的问题进行探讨。Morphological changes of metals caused by water chemistry property in water environment leads to changes in its bioavailability and toxicity to aquatic organisms. The biotic ligand model（BLM） considers the effects of water chemistry property on toxicity of metals,and it can be used to predict the toxicity of metals to aquatic organisms. Toxicity is the function of both metal affinity for the biotic ligand and the number of ligand sites on the organism＇s membrane occupied by the metal,and toxic effects are defined as metal accumulation on the biotic ligand reaching or exceeding a critical threshold concentration.In this study,effects of water chemistry property on the bioavailability of metals,the research status of combined toxicity effects of metal mixtures are summarized,and finally the weaknesses existed are also discussed.

关 键 词：生物有效性 生物配体模型 重金属 混合物 毒性 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X52