澳大利亚、埃塞俄比亚欧泊的对比研究  

Comparative Analysis of the Characteristics of Australian Opal and Ethiopian Opal

作　　者：罗洁[1] 刘喜锋[1] 剡晓旭 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学广州学院,广东广州510800

出　　处：《超硬材料工程》2016年第6期50-57,共8页Superhard Material Engineering

摘　　要：为了准确区分澳大利亚欧泊与埃塞俄比亚欧泊,作者分别观察研究两个产地的欧泊样品,对比分析它们的外观特征、宝石学特征、物象组成特征以及微观形貌等特征。结果表明,它们在色斑特征上有着明显的区别,埃塞俄比亚欧泊的变彩更丰富,可呈柱状、片状及斑点状。埃塞俄比亚欧泊的折射率和相对密度均普遍低于澳大利亚的。物象研究发现,埃塞俄比亚欧泊的结晶程度略高于澳大利亚欧泊。扫描电镜测试结果表明,埃塞俄比亚欧泊中的二氧化硅球体的直径很小,一般仅为30nm左右,明显小于传统的有变彩的澳大利亚欧泊中二氧化硅小球的直径（150-300nm）。排列无规律。可在一定范围内规则排列,呈现出规则的阶梯片层状结构,也可以在小范围内紧密地团聚在一起。In order to accurately distinguish between Australian opal and Ethiopian opal, the author has observed and studied opal samples of the two origins respectively,and the appearance features,gemological characteristics,object composition characteristics and microstructure characteristics of them have been contrastively analyzed.Result shows there is a clear distinction between their colour spot characteristics.The Ethiopian opal has richer chatoyance and can be in columnar,flake and spotted shape.Both of the refrac-tive index and relative density of the Ethiopian opal are generally lower than those of the Australian opal.Object research result shows that the crystalline degree of the Ethiopian opal is higher than that of the Australian opal.SEM result shows that the diameter of SiO2 sphere of Ethiopian opal is very small,merely around 30nm in general,which is ob-viously smaller than that of the traditional Australian opal with chatoyance （150 -300nm）.Their arrangement is in disorder.They can be in regular array in a certain range and present stepped stratified structure or aggregate closely in a small area.

关 键 词：澳大利亚 埃塞俄比亚 欧泊 宝玉石 

分 类 号：TS933[轻工技术与工程]