传染病医院护士职业倦怠现况调查  

An analysis on influencing factors of job burnout for nurses from infectious disease hospital

作　　者：沈文礼[1,2] 郑丽平 董桂兰 赖瑞南[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学,浙江杭州310058 [2]杭州市西溪医院 [3]浙江大学医学院附属妇产科医院

出　　处：《预防医学》2016年第12期1218-1220,1225,共4页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

摘　　要：目的了解传染病医院护士职业倦怠状况及其影响因素,为传染病医院护士职业倦怠干预提供依据。方法采用整群抽样方法选取某市传染病三甲医院入职1年以上在职护士218人进行问卷调查,采用职业倦怠量表HSS服务版(MBI-HSS)评估护士职业倦怠状况,并采用多元线性回归分析职业倦怠的影响因素。结果共回收有效问卷210份,回收有效率为96.33%。该传染病三甲医院护士中度职业倦怠发生率为73.81%,高度职业倦怠发生率为22.38%。职业倦怠3个维度中,情感衰竭评分为(22.82±9.98)分,中度占72.92%,高度占25.25%;去人格化评分为(6.48±5.20)分,中度占88.68%,高度占11.32%;低成就感评分为(35.20±8.82)分,中度占66.26%,高度占26.14%。多元线性回归分析显示,担心将传染病传染给家人和担心职业暴露是护士职业倦怠的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论传染病医院护士的职业倦怠状况不容乐观,担心将传染病传染给家人和担心职业暴露易引起职业倦怠,传染病医院应重视并积极采取措施缓解护士的职业倦怠状况。Objective To learn the current status of job burnout and influencing factors for nurses from infectious disease hospital.Methods The Chinese version MBI-HSS was used to survey 218 nurses from infectious disease hospital,and linear regression was used to analyze the influencing facters of job burnout.Results A total of 210 questionairs were cocleted.The incidence of severe occupational job burnout was 22.38%,and the score of emotional exhaustion（EE）,depersonalization（DP）,personal accomplishment（PA） was（22.82 ± 9.98）,（6.48 ± 5.20）,and（35.20 ± 8.82）,respectively.Regression analysis demonstrated that the main influencing factors were entering the isolation ward,opportunity for infectious diseases,disinfection damage,fear of occupational exposure and concern on family infection（P 0.05）.Conclusion The status of job burnout of nurses in infectious disease hospital is not optimistic.There is a positive relationship with the working environment,occupational exposure.Managers need to explore an effective way to ease the job burnout of nurses,and to stabilize the nursing team.

关 键 词：传染病 护士 职业倦怠 影响因素 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]