急进高原胃动力紊乱大鼠胃电起搏区肠神经系统—Cajal间质细胞—消化道平滑肌网络微观结构及功能的变化  

Effects of ascending to high altitude on ultrastructure of enteric nervous system-ICC-smooth muscle cells network in gastric electrical pacing region of rats

作　　者：贺巍[1] 朱琳[1] 范兴爱[1] 杨生岳[1] 刘睿年[1] 陈磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第四医院消化内科,西宁810007

出　　处：《山西医科大学学报》2016年第12期1061-1066,共6页Journal of Shanxi Medical University

基　　金：青海省(应用)基础研究基金资助项目(2013-Z-760)

摘　　要：目的探讨急进高原胃动力紊乱大鼠胃电起搏区肠神经系统(enteric nervous system,ENS)-Cajal间质细胞(interstitial cell of Cajal,ICC)-消化道平滑肌(smooth muscle cell,SMC)网络微观结构及功能的变化,及其作用机制。方法 50只SD大鼠以低海拔地区(海拔400 m)为对照组,并以进入高原地区(海拔4 300 m)后的时间节点依次分为1 d、3 d、7 d和14 d组,每组10只。透射电镜观察胃电起搏区ICC细胞的微观结构变化。以双重免疫荧光组织化学染色法,将ICC与胆碱能神经元及氮能神经元双标记,并观察其表达变化。结果电镜下可见,急进高原后大鼠胃电起搏区ICC细胞之间、ICC与SMC之间的缝隙连接明显减少,ICC内细胞器减少并出现凋亡小体等,尤以高海拔地区3 d组最显著。免疫荧光双标记结果显示,ICC及胆碱能神经元的表达量在高海拔3 d组降到最低(P<0.05),而此时氮能神经元的表达量则显著上升到最高(P<0.05)。结论急进高原环境下,大鼠ENS中胆碱能/氮能神经元的兴奋性发生改变,使ICC细胞功能受到抑制,导致平滑肌运动障碍,可能是胃动力紊乱发生的作用机制之一。Objective To explore the changes of ultrastructure and function of enteric nervous system-ICC-smooth muscle cells network in gastric dynamic disorders of rats after ascending to high altitude and its possible mechanism. Methods Fifty SD male rats were divided into five groups（ n = 10 in each group） ： low altitude group（ Xi＇an,400 m）,high altitude 1 d,3 d,7 d,14 d groups. Electron microscope was applied to observe the physiological ultrastructure of ICC cells,and the double immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the expression of ICC cells and cholinergic neuron,ICC cells and nitrergic neuron in gastric electrical pacing region. Results After ascending to high altitude,the gap junctions between ICC cells in gastric electrical pacing region and organelles in ICC cells were reduced,especially in 3 d group,and apoptotic bodies were observed under electron microscope. The expression of ICC cells and cholinergic neuron was the lowest in high altitude 3 d group（ P 〈0. 05）,but the expression of nitrergic neuron was the highest（ P 〈0. 05）. Conclusion The results suggest that the changes of excitability of cholinergic neuron and nitrergic neuron in ENS may inhibit the ICC cells＇ physiological function,and lead to the movement disorder of SMC in the rats after ascending to high altitude.

关 键 词：高原病 胃动力紊乱 CAJAL间质细胞 肠神经系统 大鼠 

分 类 号：R573[医药卫生—消化系统]