空间桁架结构的设计控制承载力方法研究——Compact Procedure Method的应用  

Research on design and control of ultimate strength of space truss structures——Application of Compact Procedure Method

作　　者：闫星宇[1,2] 陈志华[1] 大森博司[2] 杨姝姮 YAN Xing-yu CHEN Zhi-hua OHMORI Hiroshi YANG Shu-heng(School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya 4600002, Japan)

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑工程学院,天津300072 [2]名古屋大学环境学研究科,日本名古屋市4600002

出　　处：《空间结构》2016年第4期3-11,共9页Spatial Structures

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51478310)

摘　　要：近年来由于计算机技术在结构优化中的应用得到飞速发展,设计者可以轻松得到优化程度很高的结构设计.但是从结构的极限安全角度来看,这样的优化分析很容易导致结构缺少冗余度.与通常的框架结构不同,空间结构能够在使用少量材料的情况下得到无柱大空间.这样的结构通常会被设计为主要通过构件轴力来抵抗设计荷载,而结构整体则容易表现为脆性行为并趋向于发生脆性破坏.由于主要是通过构件内弯矩来抵抗外荷载,框架结构则趋向于发生韧性破坏.因此我们应当集中更多的注意力到有效率的大型空间结构设计上.对于评价结构是否高效,结构冗余度是一个非常重要的概念,然而很难对此概念本身作出定量评估,而其中结构最大承载力可以作为评价结构冗余度的一个依据.本文将给出一个简单的计算方法(Compact Procedure Method)来获得空间结构的极限荷载系数.这个方法基于线性规划法,不需要进行复杂的弹塑性分析便可获得结构的最大荷载系数.通过数值分析与传统的结构分析方法相比,该方法的正确性和有效性得到了验证.Nowadays,due to the fast development of computational technique especially in the field of structural optimization,highly optimized structural design has been easily obtained even for engineers who might not be specialists in those fields.In general,there might be certain structures with low redundancy from the viewpoint of ultimate safety.Spatial structures can give us a wide inner space without columns and use less amount of material compared with usual beam-column frameworks.Those spatial structures are constructed to resist design loads mainly through axial strength and such structural characteristics might cause brittle failure while beam-column structures have relatively ductile behavior because of the bending resistance characteristics.Consequently,we should pay much attention to such phenomena for the effective structural design of large span spatial structures.Structural redundancy is an important concept in evaluating the effectiveness of a structure.However,it is not easy to quantitatively assess the concept itself.Instead,it would be very effective if we could have detailed processes of the spatial structures toward final collapse through numerical calculation method with less effort.In this paper,a simplifiedcalculation method,Compact Procedure Method,that can obtain collapse load factor for spatial structures is shown.It is based on linear programming and enables us to get the ultimate collapse load level without complicated elasto-plastic analysis.Comparison with traditional calculation has been done through numerical example of space truss structure,and the effectiveness of the proposed method is investigated.

关 键 词：空间桁架结构 COMPACT PROCEDURE METHOD 破坏分析 线性规划 单纯形法 

分 类 号：TU393.3[建筑科学—结构工程]