2013年流动儿童计划免疫现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis of planned immunization status and its influencing factors among migrant children in 2013

作　　者：吴亚琴[1] 郭静[1] 范慧[1] 薛丽萍[1] 翁昊艺[1] 周庆誉[1] WU Ya- qin GUO Jing FAN Hui XUE Li-ping WENG Hao-yi ZHOU Qing-yu.(Health Research Institute, Center for Population and Development Research, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学人口与发展研究中心健康研究所,北京100872

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2016年第12期1066-1070,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金项目(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)(16XNB027)

摘　　要：目的 了解流动儿童计划免疫现状及影响因素,为推进基本公共卫生服务均等化提供对策和建议。方法 利用国家卫生和计划生育委员会2013年流动人口卫生计生基本公共服务专项调查数据,从0-6岁流动儿童建立《预防接种卡》和接种适龄疫苗两方面的基本情况入手,使用统计软件SAS9.1进行分析。结果 流动儿童建卡比例较高（99.6%）,但存在一定的重复建卡问题（11.7%）;近九成（89.86%）的流动儿童接种了所有适龄免费疫苗,“接到通知忘记了”和“认为没有必要”是未接种的主要原因;相关分析和回归分析表明,影响流动儿童计划免疫的因素主要有流动儿童的年龄、户口性质、户籍地、流动范围、流动时间。结论 解决流动儿童计划免疫问题,需提高流动儿童的计划免疫工作质量,关注并规范流动儿童《预防接种卡》的建卡和管理工作;加强计划免疫宣传、提高流动儿童家庭接种适龄免费疫苗的主动性意识。Objective To understand planned immunization status and its influencing factors among migrant children, and provide countermeasures and suggestions to promote the equalization of basic public health services. Methods By using special survey data on basic public health service of migrant populations in 2013, which were organized by National Health and Family Planning Commission, two basic data of migrant children aged 0 - 6 years old were analyzed by statistical software SAS 9.1 ： vaccination card establishment and age-appropriate vaccine inoculation. Results There was a high proportion of establishing vaccine card in migrant children （99. 6% ） along with repeated established card （ 11.7% ）. Age-appropriate vaccine inoculation rate had reached a high level （ 89. 86% ）, and the main reasons for unvaccinated problem were ： parents forgot to do it after receiving the notice or they thought there was no necessity for vaccination. And some characteristics of migrant children were the main influencing factors of their immunization status. Conclusion To address the vaccination problem among migrant children, the management quality of migrant children vaccination needs improvement by focusing and regulating the establishment of vaccination card. And the active consciousness of families with migrant children to inoculate age-appropriate free vaccine needs to be promoted by strengthening the advocate of immunization.

关 键 词：计划免疫 流动儿童 卫生服务 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R186[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]