自然环境中的多物种生物膜:研究方法及社群相互作用  

Multispecies Biofilms in Natural Environments:An Overview of Research Methods and Bacterial Social Interactions

作　　者：孙晓洁[1] 高春辉[1] 黄巧云[1] 蔡鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院农业微生物学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《农业资源与环境学报》2017年第1期6-14,共9页Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题"农田病原微生物污染及其存活与传播机制"(2016YFD0800206);国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金(41522106)

摘　　要：自然界中的微生物大多以多物种生物膜的形式存在,这种生命形式可以增加微生物对外界环境胁迫的耐受性。在多物种生物膜中,微生物之间的相互作用包括合作、竞争、信号分子的传递、以及水平基因转移等。研究自然环境中多物种生物膜内部微生物之间的相互作用,不仅对于理解自然生物膜的形成和演替过程具有重要意义,而且也可以为多物种生物膜在环境质量提升、微生物多样性维持等方面提供理论指导。本文主要分为两个部分:第一部分总结了环境中多物种生物膜的研究方法,包括实验室模拟体系下生物膜的构建及其分析检测技术;第二部分论述了天然多物种生物膜内细菌间的相互作用。The majority of microbes live as muhispecies biofilms in natural environments, which is beneficial to bacterial tolerance upon vari- ous environmental stresses. Bacterial interactions in muhispecies biofilms typically contain cooperation, competition, as well as transmission of signaling molecules and horizontal gene transfer. The studies on these interactions in natural environments play an important role in under- standing natural biofilms formation and succession, and also provide theoretical guide for microbial diversity maintenance and application of biofilms in bioremediation. This review consists of two parts： Firstly, the research methods used in natural biofilms study were summarized, in- cluding the establishment of biofilm model systems under laboratory conditions and related analytical technologies; In the second part, the so- cial interactions between bacteria in multispecies biofilms were discussed.

关 键 词：多物种生物膜 静态体系 动态体系 相互作用 竞争 合作 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]