辅助性T细胞亚群与牙周炎的免疫损伤机制  

The role of help T cells in periodontal immunoresponses and tissue destruction

作　　者：许丽华[1] 许尧生[2] 杨冬茹[1] Xu Lihua Xu Yaosheng Yang Dongru(Dept. of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology, Hengshui-Halisun International Peace Hospital, Hengshui 050030, China)

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学口腔医院口腔内科,石家庄050017 [2]衡水哈励逊国际和平医院耳鼻喉科,衡水050030

出　　处：《国际口腔医学杂志》2017年第1期98-102,共5页International Journal of Stomatology

摘　　要：牙周炎症组织破坏与机体针对致病菌及其毒性产物的免疫反应方式有关,辅助性T细胞(T_h)亚群通过分泌不同的细胞因子发挥免疫调节功能。较早发现的T_h1和T_h2分别介导细胞免疫和体液免疫,二者相互抑制保持平衡,牙周炎症的间断性和进展性与T_h1/T_h2主导的免疫反应的平衡破坏有关。在牙周炎早期和静止期,表现为T_h1反应类型;在牙周炎晚期或活动期,则表现为T_h2反应类型。T_h17具有重要的促进牙周慢性炎症及免疫损伤形成的作用,而调节性T细胞(T_(reg))则具有炎症抑制作用,而且T_h17/T_(reg)在功能和分化上也具有与T_h1/T_h2类似的相互调节相互抑制的平衡关系。T_h17/T_(reg)和T)h1/T)h2在局部形成复杂的细胞因子网络,是目前进一步研究牙周炎的免疫病理学机制的热点。Periodontal tissue destruction in periodontitis is primarily caused by the immunoresponse and inflammation toward bacterial challenge. T helper（Th） cells are important for the cellular immunity of T cells. In particular, Th2 cells are important for the humoral immunity of B cells. Thl/Th2 is a pair of important effector T ceUs, which inhibit each other in function by the different cytokines they secrete and keep balance in normal conditions. Previous findings demonstrate that the different clinical manifestations of periodontitis at different periods are associated with Th1/Th2 imbalance. The early and stable period of periodontitis is dominated by Thl immunoresponses, whereas the progressive period of the disease is dominated by Th2 immunoresponses. The recently found Th17 and regulatory T cell（Treg） are new T helper cell subsets. Th 17 cells are associated with chronic periodontal inflammation and tissue destruction, whereas Treg cells are associated with the inhibition of inflammation. Similar to the case of Th1/Th2 balance pattern, Th17 and Treg are also closely related, and they balance each other both in terms of differentiation and functions. Th17/Treg and Th1/Th2 and their cytokines constitute a complicated cytokine network at the periodontal tissue. Their relationship with the progression and tissue destruction of periodontitis is currently undergoing extensive research.

关 键 词：牙周炎 辅助性T细胞亚群 免疫反应 

分 类 号：R781.42[医药卫生—口腔医学]