杭州城区PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)污染特征及其影响因子分析  

Study on the Pollution Characters and Impact Factors of PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) in Urban Hangzhou

作　　者：项佳娥 徐丽华[1,2] 张方方[1] 邱布布 朱弘[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州311300 [2]浙江农林大学浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,浙江杭州311300 [3]浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院,浙江杭州311300

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2016年第6期36-42,共7页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41201563);浙江省科技厅公益项目(2013C33027);浙江省自然科学基金(LY12D01003)

摘　　要：利用2013年12月—2014年11月杭州城区空气质量监测站PM2.5、PM10浓度值结合气象、道路、人口数据以及站点周边绿地信息分析PM2.5、PM10浓度时空特征及其影响因子。结果表明,杭州城区各监测站PM2.5和PM10晴天日浓度变化趋势基本一致,PM2.5比PM10污染严重;晴天日PM2.5、PM10浓度值与对应的温度（-0.463,-0.281）、风速（-0.305,-0.332）呈负相关,与湿度（0.257,0.239）呈正相关;晴天有风时,杭州市区PM2.5、PM10污染北部重于南部,东部重于西部,浓度极高值集中在风速小于5 m/s时段,且风速越小浓度值越高;温度为12℃左右,湿度在60%-80%时,颗粒物污染最严重;交通高峰时各监测站PM2.5、PM10污染程度存在明显差异。相关性分析表明,PM2.5、PM10污染程度与道路密度成正比,与缓冲区内绿地覆盖面积成反比。PM2.5污染程度与人口密度成正比,PM10污染与人口密度成反比。PM2.5and PM10 concentrations data,in fine days,got by the air quality monitoring sites from Dec. 2013 to Nov.2014,combined with meteorological factors,road density,population density in urban Hangzhou as well as green cover area in the buffer zones,were used to analysis the spatial-temporal characters of PM2.5and PM10 concentrations and their impact factors. The results showed： PM concentrations in different sites had the same trend; PM2.5pollution was more sever than PM10 pollution. Daily PM2.5and PM10 concentrations had negative correlation with temperature（-0. 463,-0. 281） and wind speed（-0. 305,-0. 332）,but positive correlation with humidity（ 0. 257,0. 239）. With wind,PM pollution was more sever in the northern and eastern parts than the southern and western parts. Most of the high PM concentrations appeared when the wind speed was less than 5 m / s,and the smaller the wind speed the higher the PM concentrations. The highest PM2.5and PM10 concentrations appeared when the daily temperature was around 12 ℃ and the humidity was about 60% - 80%. During the traffic peak period,PM2.5and PM10 pollution levels were obviously different from each other,correlation coefficients dedicated that PM2.5and PM10 pollution levels were positive with road density and negative with the green coverage rate in the buffer areas. PM2.5 pollution level was positive correlation with population density while PM10 was negative correlation with population density.

关 键 词：PM2.5 PM10 气象因子 道路密度 人口密度 绿地覆盖面积 

分 类 号：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]