老年急性缺血性脑血管病患者心电图与超声心动图异常的对比研究  

Study on the abnormalities electrocardiogram and echocardiograph of the elderly patients with acute ischemic cerebral disease

作　　者：李黎[1] 童佳[1] 何淼[1] 沈敏[1] 周奕[1] 邱振伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学附属曙光医院急诊内科,上海200021

出　　处：《中国临床保健杂志》2017年第1期19-21,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Healthcare

基　　金：上海市进一步加快中医药事业发展三年行动计划(CC-1-1009)

摘　　要：目的观察老年急性缺血性脑血管病患者心电图(ECG)与超声心动图的异常情况。方法选取150例行ECG和超声心动图检查的老年患者作为研究对象,其中,诊断为急性脑梗死(ACI)的123例患者作为ACI组,诊断为短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)的14例患者作为TIA组,将其中排除缺血性脑血管病的13例患者作为对照组,对三组患者的各类ECG异常的发生率和左心室射血分数(LVEF)等超声心动图指标进行分析。结果ACI组和TIA组患者的ECG异常率高于对照组(P<0.05),ACI组患者的房性心率失常发生率均显著高于TIA组或对照组(P<0.05),ACI组患者的冠心病发病率显著高于TIA组(P<0.05),LVEF<55%的患者的ECG异常率显著高于LVEF≥55%的患者(P<0.05)。结论在老年急性缺血性脑血管疾病患者中,ST-T改变等ECG异常较为多见,而且ACI患者发生房性心率失常和冠状动脉病变的概率更高,患者的超声心动图与ECG异常表现相似。Objective To observe and contrast the abnormalities electrocardiogram （ECG） and echocardiograph of the elderly patients with acute ischemic cerebral disease. Methods One hundred and fifty elderly patients who examined by ECG and echocardiography were selected as the study objects. One hundred and twenty-three patients diagnosed as acute cerebral infarction （ACI） were enrolled as the ACI group, 14 patients diagnosed as transient ischemia attack （TIA） were enrolled as the TIA group and 13 patients excluded of ischemic cerebral vascular disease were enrolled as the control group. The incidences of anomalous ECG and echocardiographic parameters of the patients in the three groups were compared. Results The incidences of anomalous ECG in ACI and TIA group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P 〈 0.05 ）. The incidence of atrial arrhythmia in the ACI group was significantly higher than that in the TIA or control group （P 〈 0.05 ）. The incidence of coronary heart disease in the ACI group was significantly higher than that in the TIA group （P 〈 0.05 ） ;The abnormal rate of ECG of the patients with LVEF 〈 55% was significantly higher than the patients with LVEF ≥55% （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Anomalous ECG such as ST-T change are relatively common in the elderly patients with acute ischemic cerebral diseases. The probabilities of atrial arrhythmia and coronary artery lesions of ACI patients are higher. The echocardiography indexes are correlated with anomalous ECG, and can be used as the auxiliary indexes to reflect cardiac function damage of patients.

关 键 词：脑血管障碍 心电描记术 超声心动描记术 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]