青海西台吉乃尔湖盐田蒸发光卤石矿的粒度分布及其矿物学特征  

PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF CANALLITE ORE IN THE WEST TAIJINAR SALT LAKE

作　　者：海擎宇 程怀德[1,2] 马海州[1,2] HAI Qing-yu CHENG Huai-de MA Hai-zhou(Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes ,Chinese Academy of Sciences ,Xining 810008,China Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Geology and Environment of Qinghai Province, Xining University of Chinese Academy of 810008, China Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,青海西宁810008 [2]青海省盐湖地质与环境重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《矿物岩石》2016年第4期16-22,共7页Mineralogy and Petrology

基　　金：中国科学院青海盐湖研究所青年引导基金(Y460221047);青海省科技厅基础研究项目(2016-ZJ-781)

摘　　要：以煤油介质,利用筛分法对青海西台吉乃尔盐湖盐田蒸发光卤石原矿进行粒度分级,通过X射线衍射方法确定各粒级颗粒矿物组成,运用扫描电镜表征细粒盐类晶体微观形貌特征,结合化学分析结果,揭示原矿粒度分布规律和矿物组成变化特征。结果表明:光卤石原矿粒度分布属于中细较粗粒级,大于1mm粒径的矿物比例不超过50%,而小于0.5mm粒径的矿物不足10%;各粒径矿物组分有变化,光卤石主要集中在较细粒级范围(0~1mm),泻利盐在各个粒级范围内均有出现,粒度越大,泻利盐的含量越大,氯化钠主要富集在中粒级范围(1mm^3mm),水氯镁石在各粒径均有分布,无明显变化。小于0.45mm粒径矿物SEM和能谱分析结果表明:光卤石表面圆润,存在脱水的可能性;石盐和泻利盐、光卤石和泻利盐团聚在一起,形成胶结状聚集体。光卤石原矿的粒度分布特征和矿物微结构特征影响分解转化过程体系的水平衡和溶液相平衡,对氯化钾收率产生影响。Particle size distribution of carnallite ore from West Taijiner Salt Lake of Qinghai was investigated by sieving method. The compositions of carnallite ore were determined by X-ray diffraction and the microstructures of salt crystals were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. With chemical analysis, the regularity of particle size distribution and the characteristics of mineral components of carnallite ore were obtained. It shows that. （1） carnallite ores belong to medium-fine size fraction and its components vary in each particle size. Content percentage of ore （〉1 mm） is no more than 50% ,content percentage of ore （〈1 mm） is less than 10% ; （2） carnallite is mainly in the range of fine particle size （0 - 1 mm） ; （3） epsomite appears in every particle size range and its content increases as the particle size increases; （4） halite is mainly in the range of middle particle size（1 mm-3 mm）;（5） bischofite distributes evenly in each particle size. Morphology in fine particles （〈0.45 mm） shows rounded surface carnaUite,due to the possibility of dehydration. Halite and epsomite, carnallite and epsomite are often reunited together to form a cement-like aggregate. These characteristics affect the yield of potassium chloride due to the influence on water balance and solution phase equilibrium.

关 键 词：光卤石 泻利盐 筛分法 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：P616[天文地球—矿床学] TD985[天文地球—地质学]