新疆罗布羊群体遗传多样性及系统进化分析  

Investigation of genetic diversity and evolution of Xinjiang Lopnur sheep

作　　者：郑永富[1] 王姗姗[1] 高庆华[1,2] 钱梦阳[3] 宫昌海 陈晓利[3] 韩春梅[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]新疆生产建设兵团塔里木畜牧科技重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]塔里木大学生命科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [4]巴音郭楞蒙古自治州畜牧工作站,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《生物技术》2016年第6期574-580,共7页Biotechnology

基　　金：新疆建设兵团塔里木畜牧科技重点实验室开放课题项目("新疆罗布羊多胎性状主要候选基因的研究";No.HS201406)

摘　　要：[目的]新疆罗布羊群体遗传变异与起源分化的研究,可为罗布羊品种形成、保护和种质特性研究利用提供理论基础。[方法]利用7个微卫星(SSR)位点及mt DNA D-loop环序列分析了新疆尉犁地区120头罗布羊群体遗传多样性,及与其它新疆南部地方羊种与中国绵羊的三大母系:藏羊、蒙古羊和哈萨克羊,三个野羊种:羱羊、摩佛伦羊、盘羊和亚洲型A型、欧洲型B型的母系遗传距离与进化关系。[结果]罗布羊群体平均等位基因数(K)、观察杂合度(HO)、期望杂合度(HE)、多态信息含量(PIC)分别为8.86、0.711、0.791和0.769;发现BM143位点存在罗布羊群体HW不平衡现象。罗布羊分成A系、B系和C系3个进化系,B系进化支与欧洲B型和多浪羊遗传距离较近,聚为一类;C系进化支先与巴音布鲁克羊聚为一支,然后和A进化支聚成一类,再与新疆其它地方羊种及蒙古羊、藏羊、亚洲型A型聚为一类。三个支系中B支系与摩佛伦羊(O.musmon)的关系较近。[结论]新疆尉犁地区罗布羊群体遗传多样性丰富,具有较高育种价值;群体微卫星BM143位点存在的HW不平衡现象;罗布羊有3个进化系,聚类分析结果初步认为罗布羊是由中东经蒙古高原到达新疆,后来与新疆南部地方羊种混杂的品种。[ Objective ] To investigate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Lopnur sheep. [ Methods ] 7 ovine specific SSR markers were successfully tested on 120 Lopnur sheep. [ Results] The results showed,the mean number of alleles （k） , mean observed heterozygosity （HO）, mean expected heterozygosity heterozygosity （HE） , and mean polymorphism index content （PIC） were 8.86,0.711,0.791 and 0. 769 with 7 SSR markers, respectively. And it was found the hypothesis of Hardy Weinberg （HW） equilibrium for locus BM143 was rejected. To determine the origin of Lopnur sheep, the complete mtDNA D - loop sequences of Lopnur sheep, Qira black sheep, Karakul sheep, Bayinbluk sheep, Hotan sheep and Duolang sheep were cloned and sequenced. Analysis of phylogenetic relationships of this 6 breeds and other breeds with mtDNA D - loop sequences on GenBank data was proformed using MEGA 6.0 software. The results showed that, haplotypes of Lopnur sheep split into three clades. The clade B was clustered with Duolang and European type B. The clade C was clustered with Bayinbuluk sheep firstly, and then clustered into A clades, and eventually clustered into other local sheep breeds in Xinjiang, Mongolia sheep, Tibetan sheep and Asian type A. In 3 clades, the clade B was closed to O. musmon. Conclusion ： Lopnur sheep accumulated abundant genetic diversity and high breeding value; HW disequilibrium of microsatellite BM143 locus of was infered that there was gene mutation in this locus. [ Conclusion] The results of phylogenetic clustering analysis suggested that Lopnur sheep was arrived in Xinjiang from the Middle East through Mongolian Plateau ,and mixed with local sheep in southern Xinjiang.

关 键 词：罗布羊 遗传多样性 系统进化 MTDNA D—Loop 微卫星DNA 

分 类 号：S826.9[农业科学—畜牧学]