859例儿童颌面部肿块临床统计与分析  

Masses in maxillofacial region of 859 children:a retrospective analysis

作　　者：李立琪 廖礼姝[1] 李远贵[1] 钟渝翔[1] 项立[1] 梁丽[1] 李万山[1] Li Liqi Liao Lishu Li Yuangui Zhong Yuxiang Xiang Li Liang Li Li Wanshan(Department of Stomatalogy, the Children＇ s Hospital, Chongqing Medical Universit)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院口腔科,重庆400014

出　　处：《重庆医科大学学报》2016年第12期1298-1303,共6页Journal of Chongqing Medical University

摘　　要：目的:通过对儿童颌面部肿块分类与统计,分析常见类型发病情况,列举较罕见类型,为临床诊断与治疗提供参考。方法:统计859例颌面部肿块患儿,依据病理结果将其分类,分别按年龄阶段、性别、发病部位划分,数据以均数±标准差(x±s)表示;统计方法采用多样本构成的卡方检验,并分析结果。结果:肿块中肿瘤比例最高(49.13%),男女比为1.03∶1;平均发病年龄为(4.71±3.94)岁。血管瘤患儿最多(24.21%);良恶性肿瘤之比约为139.67∶1;囊肿女性较多,常见舌下腺囊肿(43.82%);瘤样病变男性多,常见牙龈瘤(34.72%);肿瘤男性多,常见血管瘤及血管畸形(49.29%);其他性质肿块最常见炎性肿块与淋巴结(32.00%);血管瘤及血管畸形最好发生于唇部,淋巴管畸形最好发于颊部,淋巴管血管畸形最好发于舌背,差异具有统计学意义。罕见疾病包括先天性颌下腺导管囊性扩张、婴儿黑色素性神经外胚瘤、低度恶性梭形细胞肿瘤等。结论:儿童处在生长发育期,且颌面部位置特殊,为保证各器官结构功能完整,应早期诊断、及时治疗及选择有效治疗方式。Objective：To provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment by classifying and collecting the maxillofacial masses occurred in children,analyzing the common types＇ incidence,and listing some rare kinds which are less reported. Methods：Data of859 children with mass in maxillofacial region were collected and classified into 4 types based on pathology. Disease constituent ra-tios in each type was calculated. Each type was subdivided based on ages and sexes（location distribution is partitioned in some tumors）. Chi-square test was used to do statistical analysis. Results：Tumor took up the highest proportion（49.13%）among all masses in maxillofacial region; sex ratio（male∶female）was 1.03∶1;the average age was（4.71±3.94）years. Hemangioma was the most common disease,which accounted for 24.21%;benign aganist malignant tumors ratio was 139.67∶1. Cyst was more common in female,sublingual gland cyst was the most common type（43.82%）. Tumor-like lesion and tumor were mostly observed in male;epulis occupied the highest percentage（34.72%） in tumor-like lesion;the most common tumor was hemangioma（49.29%）;inflammatory mass and lymphnoditis were the most types in the other masses. Hemangioma was located predominantly on the lips;lymphangioma was mostly appeared on the cheek;lymphatic hemangioma was commonly seen on the tongue. Rare diseases included congenital dilatation of submandibular ducts,melanotic neuro-ectodermal tumor of infancy,low-grade pleomorphic spindle cell carcinoma,etc. Conclusion：Children are in key period of growing,while maxillofacial region is a special location;early diagnosis as well as prompt and appropriate treatment for the mass is vital to remain the structure and function integrality of organ.

关 键 词：儿童颌面部肿块 囊肿 肿瘤 瘤样病变 

分 类 号：R782[医药卫生—口腔医学]