成都市售120份香辛料中黑曲霉污染及其产毒能力调查  

Surveillance for the contamination of Aspergillus niger and its toxin-producing ability in 120 spices samples,Chengdu

作　　者：陈宇航[1] 王溯源[2] 凌莉[3] 金燕[4] 裴晓方[1,5] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院(华西第四医院),四川成都610041 [2]四川省疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病防治所,四川成都610041 [3]珠海市疾病预防控制中心理化检验所,广东珠海519002 [4]浙江中医药大学医学技术学院卫生检验与检疫教研室,浙江杭州310053 [5]食品安全监测与风险评估四川省重点实验室,四川成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第1期135-138,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目"水产品/农产品/香料中化学污染物/产毒真菌的快速检测和食品中有害物质健康危害的安全性评价研究"(No.81030053)资助

摘　　要：目的对成都市农贸市场零售香辛料中黑曲霉污染状况进行调查,并对黑曲霉菌株的产毒能力进行检测,获取成都市售香辛料中黑曲霉污染率及其产毒能力的资料。方法 2014年3月至9月于成都市五大主城区内农贸市场采集辣椒、花椒、藤椒、胡椒各30份,共120份样品。采用倾注培养法并挑取黑曲霉菌落点种察氏培养基,参照SN/T1035-2011的方法将黑曲霉在产毒培养液中培养7天,使用ELISA试剂盒对产毒液中赭曲霉毒素A浓度进行测定。结果 120份样品中,43份检出黑曲霉,检出率为38.3%,其中胡椒中黑曲霉检出率最低。样品中共分离到63株黑曲霉,其中47株能产生赭曲霉毒素A,产毒率为74.6%,赭曲霉毒素A浓度多在1~20μg/L之间,但有6株黑曲霉的产毒液中赭曲霉毒素A浓度高于60μg/L,最高者达到74.37μg/L,不同种类香辛料样品中黑曲霉产毒能力存在较为明显的差异。结论成都市售香辛料样品中存在黑曲霉污染,且其产毒率较高,提示香辛料受赭曲霉毒素污染风险较高。Objective To survey the contamination rate and the ability to produce mycotoxin of Aspergillus niger in retailed spices for providing the baseline data for the contamination and the toxin - producing capability of A. niger in spices. Methods 120 samples including 30 chili,30 prickly ash,30 rattan pepper and 30 white pepper were obtained from Farmers markets in five main districts of Chengdu from March to September 2014. Pour culture method was used for fungi culture, then A. niger isolates were isolated by using Czapek＇s medium,followed by culturing in toxigenic culture medium for 7 days according to SN/ T 1035 - 2011. The levels of ochratoxin A in the medium were measured by using ELISA kit. Results A. niger was detected in 43 samples and the rate of contamination was 38.3%. The contamination rate of A. niger in white pepper was the lowest. 47 A. niger isolates out of 63 had the ability to produce ochreatoxin A （OTA） and the rate of toxigenic isolates was 74.6%. Most A. niger could produce 1 - 20μg/L of OTA,while 6 isolates could produce more than 60μg/L of OTA and the highest was 74. 37μg/L.A. niger strains of different species of spices had different ability to produce OTA. Conclusion The retailed spices samples in Chengdu were contaminated with A. niger and the toxigenic rates of the isolates were high,implying the spices were at high risk of contamination by ochratoxin.

关 键 词：香辛料 黑曲霉 产毒能力 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]