溶藻微生物菌群的富集及其溶藻因素  

Enrichment and algicidal factors of algicidal bacterial community

作　　者：熊青山[1] 潘秋玲[1] 王琴[1] 周泽扬[1,2] 王林玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学生命科学学院,重庆401331 [2]西南大学家蚕基因组生物学国家重点实验室,重庆400716

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2016年第6期1140-1144,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2012AA101301);教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助~~

摘　　要：为探索行之有效的抑制藻类水华暴发的途径,采集重庆地区蓝藻爆发水域的环境水样,与铜绿微囊藻多次重复共培养富集出具有溶藻能力的高效溶藻液,显示出强而稳定的溶藻能力.通过离心、膜过滤、温度及抗生素因素分析溶藻活性物的主要特性.结果显示:离心处理该高效溶藻液,3 000 r/min离心5 min便可沉淀溶藻活性物,7 000 r/min离心5 min后上清液便失去溶藻能力;膜过滤处理该高效溶藻液,溶藻活性物不能通过2μm的滤膜;温度处理该高效溶藻液,45℃水浴处理10 min即可使其溶藻活性显著降低,48℃水浴处理10 min便可使其完全失去溶藻能力;抗生素处理该高效溶藻液,加入放线菌酮对其溶藻能力没有影响,加入氯霉素对其溶藻能力稍有影响,加入四环素则丧失溶藻能力,抗生素处理结果说明溶藻活性物不是真菌,革兰氏阳性菌的缺失对溶藻活性的影响要大于革兰氏阴性菌;LB培养基分离的单菌落都没有显示出显著的溶藻活性.本研究表明多轮富集的高效溶藻液具有显著稳定的溶藻效果,溶藻液经离心、膜过滤、高温及添加抗生素的结果均显示溶藻因素是细菌,单菌落培养结果说明其溶藻活性依赖于多种细菌组成的微生物菌群共同作用.Eutrophication and harmful algae blooms have attracted more and more concern in China due to their adverse effects on the environment. It is imperative to seek effective methods to prevent algae blooms. Algae-lysing microbes has broad application prospect. The efficient algicidal solution was enriched by co-cultured algae bloom water and Microcystis aeruginosa repeatedly. The efficient algicidal solution showed strong and stable algicidal ability. The main characteristics of algae lysing active substance were analyzed by factors including centrifugation, membrane filtration, temperature and antibiotics. The result showed that algicidal substance was precipitated after centrifuging at 3 000 r/min for 5 min; the supernatant lost algicidal ability after centrifuging at 7 000 r/min for 5 min. The membrane filter treatment of efficient algicidal solution found the algicidal substance not able to pass 2 μm membrance. The algicidal activity was significantly lower after bathing in 45℃ water for 10 min, and was completely lost after bathing in 48℃ water for 10 min. Antibiotic treatment of efficient algicidal solution showed the algicidal ability was not influenced by adding cycloheximide, slightly impacted by chloramphenicol, and lost after tetracycline treatment, suggesting that the algicidal substance was not fungus, and that the effect of gram-positive bacteria were greater than gram-negative ones. Single colonies isolated by LB medium had no significant algicidal activity. The results indicated that algicidal substance of the efficient algieidal solution is bacterial community composed of a variety of bacteria.

关 键 词：微生物菌群 高效溶藻液 溶藻活性 铜绿微囊藻 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]