凹凸棒土对土壤水分运动基本参数的影响  

Influence of Attapulgite on Basic Parameters of Soil Water Movement

作　　者：吴军虎[1] 杨婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地,西安710048

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2016年第6期188-192,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51239009);西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地科研项目(2016ZZKT-9);陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(14JK1518);陕西省优势学科专项资金建设项目

摘　　要：通过向土壤中均匀添加不同含量(0,10,20,30,40,50,60g/kg)凹凸棒土(ATP)来研究其对土壤水分运动及土壤水动力学参数的影响。结果表明,随着ATP含量的增大,土壤入渗速率、累积入渗量减小,Philip公式中的吸渗率S和稳渗率A均减小,Kostiakov公式中入渗系数K减小,经验指数β增大;土壤持水性随着ATP含量的增加而增大,van Genuchten公式中滞留含水率θr减小,饱和含水率θs增大,进气值的倒数α增大,形状系数n减小;利用van Genuchten公式中的相关参数对非饱和土壤导水率、非饱和土壤水扩散率及容水度进行计算,结果表明随着ATP含量的增加,非饱和土壤导水率、扩散率及容水度都呈减小的趋势,利用经验公式对非饱和土壤水扩散率进行拟合,其相关性较高。综合分析可知,加入ATP后的土壤有一定的阻渗作用,持水能力增强且土壤中的大孔隙减少,在一定程度上具有改良土壤的作用。In this study,the effects of attapulgite（ATP）on soil water movement and hydrodynamic parameters were investigated by adding different rates,i.e.0,10,20,30,40,50,60g/kg,of ATP into the soil uniformly.The results indicated that soil infiltration rate was reduced and cumulative infiltration decreased with increasing ATP content.When the ATP content was increased,residual water content（θr）decreased,and saturated water content（θs）increased,the reciprocal value of air intake（α）increased,and the form factor（n）decreased.At the same time,soil water holding capacity increased with increasing ATP content.When unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity,diffusivity and unsaturated soil water retention capacity were calculated according to the relevant parameters of the van Genuchten formula,unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity,diffusivity and capacity of water all decreased with increasing ATP content.By fitting the unsaturated soil water diffusivity using the empirical formula,relatively high relevance was observed.In summary,adding ATP to the soil has some penetration-retarding effects,it can improve soil water holding capacity and reduce soil macropores,and can improve soil quality to some degree.

关 键 词：凹凸棒土 入渗 水动力学参数 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]