基于三维黏弹有限元法的沥青路面结构力学响应分析  

Analysis on Mechanical Response of Asphalt Pavement Structure Based on 3D Viscoelastic Finite Element Method

作　　者：任俊达[1] 张怀志[1] 谭忆秋[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省交通科学研究院高速公路养护技术交通行业重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110015 [2]哈尔滨工业大学交通科学与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2017年第1期15-23,共9页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：辽宁省交通运输厅交通科技项目(201507)

摘　　要：为探究沥青路面在荷载作用下力学响应,基于辽宁省沥青路面足尺加速加载试验,开展路面结构力学仿真方法及力学响应特征研究。采用光纤光栅传感器实测足尺加速加载路面的面层底部、基层底部和路基顶面的力学响应。利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS,建立了基于实测参数的典型半刚性基层沥青路面三维黏弹有限元仿真模型,分析路面结构在不同加载位置下的力学响应,并与加速加载实测结果对比,验证模型的可行性;同时,对路面结构内部的力学响应规律进行分析。结果表明:所建立的仿真模型能较合理地模拟路面结构内部力学响应;沥青混合料黏弹特性导致弹性后效,使力学响应曲线表现出非对称特点。对于沥青层,中面层和下面层上部剪应力和剪应变较大,为车辙发生的薄弱部位;对于沥青层底、水泥稳定碎石层底,控制疲劳开裂的力学响应为水平纵向拉应力和拉应变。In order to explore the mechanical response of asphalt pavement undervehicle load, the researches on the mechanical simulation method and the characteristics of mechanical response of asphalt pavement structure are conducted based on the full-scale accelerated loading test on asphalt pavement in Liaoning Province. The mechanical responses of the surface course bottom, the base course bottom and the top surface of the subgrade of the test pavement are measured by Fiber bragg grating sensors. To analyze the mechanical response of the pavement structure at different loading positions, the 3D viscoelastic finite element simulation model of the representative semi-rigid asphalt pavement is developed based on the measured data with the finite element software ABAQUS, then a subsequent comparison is made between the measured and calculated data to verify the feasibility of the model. Meanwhile, the mechanical response rule inside the asphalt pavement is analyzed. The result indicates that （1） the developed simulation model can reasonably simulate the internal mechanical response of the pavement structure; （2） the viscoelastic property of the asphalt mixture induces the elastic aftereffect, which leads to the asymmetry of the mechanical response curve ; （3） the shear stress and shear strain are larger in intermediate layer and the upper of bottom layer in asphalt layers, which are the weak positions for rutting; （4） the mechanical responses for controlling fatigue cracking are horizontal longitudinal tensile stress and tensile strain of in the base bottoms of asphalt layer and cement stabilized macadam.

关 键 词：道路工程 路面力学响应 三维黏弹有限元法 仿真模型 加速加载试验 

分 类 号：U416.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]