湖北省稻茬麦区秸秆还田替代钾肥效果  

Effect of Straw Incorporation Substitute for K-Fertilizer in Wheat Following Rice of Hubei Province

作　　者：邹娟[1,2] 高春保[1,2] 董凡 朱展望[1] 刘易科[1] 佟汉文[1] 陈泠[1] 张宇庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,武汉430064 [2]主要粮食作物产业化湖北省协同创新中心,湖北荆州434025 [3]湖北省耕地质量与肥料工作总站,武汉430070

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2016年第24期6398-6401,6417,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300405);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303102);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-3);湖北省农业科学院青年科学基金项目(2015NKYJJ23)

摘　　要：2014~2015年,在湖北省鄂中丘陵和鄂北岗地麦区、江汉平原麦区的9个县(市)布置稻茬麦秸秆还田配施钾肥效果田间试验。共设置NP、NPK、NP+S、NP+1/2K+S、NP+3/4K+S和NPK+S 6个处理,其中N、P、K和S分别表示氮、磷、钾和秸秆还田。结果表明,与NP处理相比,施钾和秸秆还田均能不同程度增加小麦产量、植株钾素含量及钾素吸收量;秸秆还田条件下,鄂中北麦区产量随钾肥用量的增加而增加,江汉平原麦区产量表现先增加后降低趋势;秸秆还田处理稻茬麦区土壤钾素表观平衡处于盈余状态;结合产量及经济效益,秸秆还田条件下湖北省稻茬小麦钾肥推荐用量为30~45 kg/hm^2。Field trials were carried out to study the effect of straw incorporation substitute of K-fertilizer in selected 9 counties in central-north of Hubei and Jianghan plain during 2014~2015. The designed treatments were NP,NPK,NP＋S,NP＋1/2K＋S,NP＋3/4K＋S and NPK＋S,where N,P,K and S denoted N,P,K fertilizer and straw,respectively. The results showed that compared with NP, both K fertilization and straw incorporation enhanced the wheat yield and K uptake across the regions. As increase rate of K-fertilizer, the wheat yield of central-north of Hubei increased, and the yield of Jianghan plain increased at45 kg K2 O/hm^2 and then decreased slightly. After calculating the apparent K balance, it was found that K surplus occurred in all ＋S treatments. It was concluded the straw potassium could replace partial chemical potassium. Under the straw returning to field condition, the optimal amount of K-fertilizer was 30~45 kg/hm^2 for wheat following rice of Hubei province.

关 键 词：稻茬小麦 秸秆还田 钾肥替代 产量 

分 类 号：S142.3[农业科学—肥料学] S512.11[农业科学—农业基础科学]