湖南部分地区中小学生营养状况及其影响因素分析  

Nutritional status among primary and middle school students in Hunan Province

作　　者：郭时印[1,2] 易兴建[1] 石琢 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学食品科技学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南省农村儿童青少年健康促进研究中心 [3]湖南食品药品职业学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2016年第12期1782-1783,1786,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的 了解湖南省部分地区中小学生营养健康状况及其影响因素,为中小学生营养干预措施提供依据。方法采用整群分层随机抽样的方法,抽取湖南省6个地区共1 844名中小学生,通过问卷调查的方式搜集学生的信息,并现场测定身高、体重,利用非参数秩和检验和多分类Logistic回归分析法,分析中小学生营养状况的影响因素。结果 被调查学生中,较轻体重占12.9%,正常体重占73.2%,超重占9.3%,肥胖占4.6%。男生较轻体重检出率（11.6%）高于女生（1.3%）,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=59.867,P〈0.01）。女生超重检出率（7.6%）高于男生（1.7%）,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=57.600,P〈0.01）。多分类Logistic回归分析显示,经济发展水平、学生学历层次、父亲职业、是否为留守儿童以及在校用餐次数是影响学生营养状况的主要因素（P值均〈0.05）。结论 留守儿童以及父亲为农民或经济发展水平不高地区的中小学生应列为营养干预的重点人群。应加强学校、家庭、社会的协同,以营养知识的宣传教育为基础,积极采取多种干预措施。Objective To investigate the nutritional status among primary and middle school students in Hunan. Methods A total of 1 844 primary and middle school students were randomly sampled from six areas in Hunan Province. Participants were in- vestigated by structural questionnaires with height and weight measured. Results About 12.9% of students had low weight, with boys （11.6%） higher than girls （1.3%）. Overweight and obesity was 9.3% and 4.6%, respectively. Obesity was significantly higher among girls （7.6%） compared with boys （1.7%）. Logistic regression showed that gender, economic status, grade, father educa- tion, left-behind children and the number of meals in school associated with nutrition status. Conclusion Nutrition intervention should focus on left-behind children, and whose father received little education through efforts from school, family and social.

关 键 词：营养状况 回归分析 人体质量指数 学生 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R195[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]