老年与青年艾滋病患者社会支持、应对方式、一般自我效能、所受歧视的对比研究  

Comparative Analysis on Social support, Simplified Coping, General Selfefficacy, Age discrimination among the elderly and young HIV/AIDS patients

作　　者：陈世艺[1] 徐永芳[1] 黄娜[2] 陈晨春[1] 林倩[1] 李斯斯[1] 

机构地区：[1]南宁市疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530023 [2]广西中医药大学赛恩斯新医药学院,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第2期285-287,319,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：南宁市科学研究与技术开发项目(20133169)

摘　　要：目的了解老年与青年艾滋病患者之间的艾滋病相关知识、社会支持、简易应对、一般自我效能以及因为年龄所受歧视的情况。方法采用相应的量表对青年和老年艾滋病患者各200例进行面对面问卷调查。结果青年患者男女比例2.57∶1,平均年龄(35.21±6.26)岁,老年患者男女比例2.51∶1,平均年龄(60.60±7.56)岁,2组在艾滋病相关知识(t=15.04,P<0.01)、社会支持(t=-4.87,P<0.01)、客观支持(t=-3.66,P<0.01)、主观支持(t=-5.74,P<0.01)、因年龄受到的歧视得分(t=-4.84,P<0.01)方面有统计学差异,在一般自我效能、对支持利用度、应付方式中的积极和消极应对方面2组之间无统计学差异。结论老年患者的艾滋病知识较青年患者缺乏,其因年龄原因而受到的歧视更严重;青年患者自我感受到的来自社会网络方面的支持较老年患者少,对青年和老年人群的艾滋病知识宣传方式及其感染艾滋病后的治疗策略需有针对性。Objective This study was to study the situation of AIDS related knowledge, social support, simplified coping, general self-efficacy, and the age discrimination among the elderly and young HIV/AIDS patients. Methods 200 young and 200 elderly patients with HIV / AIDS were surveyed face to face. Results Among the young HIV/AIDS patients, the male to female ratio was 2.57：1, and the mean age was 35.21±6.26 years. Among the elderly HIV/AIDS patients,the male to female ratio was 2.51：l,and the mean age was 60.60±7.56 years, statistical significant difference was found in the scores of AIDS related knowledge （t=15.04,P〈0.01）, social support （t=-4.87,P〈0.01）, objective support （t=-3.66,P〈0.01）, subjective support （t=-5.74,P〈0.01）and age discrimination （t=-4.B4,P〈0.01）. There was no statistical significant difference between the two groups in general self-efficacy, the positive support and the negative support. Conclusion Compared with the young HIV/ AIDS patients, the elderly patients were lack of AIDS-related knowledge, and age discrimination was more serious. In comparison to the elderly patients, the young patients feltless social support. We must strengthen HIV education to the young and elderly people and improve the prevention and treatment strategies for the young and elderly HIV/AIDS patients.

关 键 词：艾滋病 社会支持 应对方式 自我效能 年龄歧视 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]