微创技术和传统技术在复杂牙拔除术中的应用及比较  

Comparative study of minimally invasive and traditional techniques in extraction of complex tooth

作　　者：赵君[1] 刘娜[2] 郝新河[1] 叶虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥市口腔医院口腔颌面外科,安徽合肥230001 [2]安徽医科大学第一附属医院口腔科,安徽合肥230022

出　　处：《口腔医学》2017年第1期57-60,共4页Stomatology

基　　金：合肥市科技攻关计划(自筹)(合科[2015]163号61);合肥市自主创新政策"借转补"项目(合科[2014]7号4);安徽省公益性研究联动计划项目(15011d04066)

摘　　要：目的比较微创拔牙技术和传统拔牙技术拔除残根、残冠、折裂牙等复杂牙的临床疗效。方法对630例患者采用随机分组对照研究,一组采用微创拔牙技术(315例),另一组采用传统拔牙技术(315例),比较手术时间、术中畏惧症发生率、牙槽窝不完整率、断根率、牙龈撕裂率及术后出血、肿胀、疼痛、张口受限、干槽症及颞下颌关节损伤的发生情况。结果微创组手术时间((6.10±2.23)min)比传统组((24.30±3.02)min)显著缩短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);微创组术中惧症发生率、牙槽窝不完整率、断根率、牙龈撕裂率明显低于传统组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);微创组术后疼痛、肿胀、张口受限、干槽症、关节损伤等并发症发生率明显低于传统组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论使用微创拔牙技术拔除残根、残冠、折裂牙等复杂牙,手术时间短,创伤小,可明显减少术后并发症及患者的恐惧,临床疗效优于传统拔牙技术。Objects To compare the clinical effects of minimally invasive and traditional technologies for tooth extraction on pulling out residual roots, residual crowns and fractured tooth. Methods 630 patients were randomly divided into minimally invasive technology group （315 people） and traditional technique group （315 people）. The duration of operation, dental fear rate, alveolus intact rate, incidence rate of root fracture, gingival laceration rate, and postoperative effects such as bleeding, swelling, pain, restriction of mouth opening, dry socket, and temporomandibular joint injury were compared and analyzed. Results The operation time in minimally invasive technology group （ （6.10 ±2.23 ）min） ） was shorter than that in traditional technique group （ （24.30 ±3.02 ）min ） （P〈 0.05 ）. The incidence rate of intraoperative and postoperative complications in the minimal invasive group was markedly lower than that in the traditional technique group （P〈 0.05）. Conclusion Minimally invasive technology applied in extraction of residual roots, residual crowns and fractured tooth can efficiently reduce intraoperative and postoperative complications with short operation time and less surgical trauma, and make the operation less painful. Therefore, minimally invasive tooth extraction is more recommendable.

关 键 词：微创技术 复杂牙 拔牙 并发症 

分 类 号：R782.11[医药卫生—口腔医学]