冬泳锻炼对中老年女性动脉血管弹性影响的研究  

Effects of winter swimming training on arterial elasticity function of middle-aged and elderly females

作　　者：朱小烽[1] 李泽鑫[2] 

机构地区：[1]嘉兴学院师范学院,浙江嘉兴314200 [2]上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海200438

出　　处：《重庆医学》2017年第3期322-324,328,共4页Chongqing medicine

基　　金：浙江省国民体质与健身技术研究重点实验室资助(2011F10052-14[2016]);嘉兴学院平湖校区第一批科研创新团队资助项目

摘　　要：目的探讨冬泳对中老年动脉血管弹性和心血管机能的影响及其可能机制。方法冬泳组为某冬泳协会女性会员11人,开展每周3次,每次30min的冬泳;其他锻炼组27人,锻炼内容为骑自行车与快步走;缺乏锻炼组19人。在试验(5个月)前后分别对3组受试者的安静心率、血压及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)、血浆纤维蛋白原(Fg)进行测试,应用无创臂踝动脉硬化测试仪测定脉搏波传导速度(PWV)并进行纵向对比分析。结果冬泳组安静心率、血压及PWV与冬泳前相比明显降低(P<0.05);冬泳组PWV改善效果与其他锻炼组和缺乏锻炼组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);冬泳组Fg改善效果与其他锻炼组和缺乏锻炼组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);收缩压、舒张压与Fg呈正相关(r=0.491、0.494,P<0.01),PWV与Fg呈正相关(r=0.369,P<0.05)。结论与其他锻炼相比,长期的冬泳锻炼能更好地改善中老年女性的心血管功能、血脂成分。Objective To explore the effects of winter swimming training on arterial elasticity and cardiovascular functions of middle-aged and elderly females and possible mechanism.Methods The winter swimming group included 11 female members of a certain Winter Swimming Association,and conducted winter swimming for three times a week,30 mins each time;the other exercise group included 27 females,the exercise contents were riding bike and skelping;the exercise lack group included 19 females.The resting heart rate,blood pressure,PWV and HDL,LDL and Fg before and after experiment（5months）in the subjects of 3groups were tested and performed the longitudinal comparative analysis.Results Compared with those before winter swimming,the heart rate,blood pressure,and PWV after training in winter swimming group were decreased evidently（P〈0.05）.Compared with other exercise group and exercise lack group,the PWV improvement effect in the winter swimming group had significant difference（P〈0.05）;the Fg improvement effect had significant difference between the winter swimming group with the other exercise group and exercise lack group（P〈0.01）;systolic pressure and diastolic pressure were positively correlated with Fg（r=0.491,0.494,P〈0.01）,and PWV was positively correlated with Fg（r=0.369,P〈0.05）.Conclusion Compared with other exercise,long-term winter swimming training can better improve the cardiovascular function and blood lipid components of middle-aged and elderly females.

关 键 词：游泳 脂蛋白类 HDL 脂蛋白类 LDL 冬泳 中老年女性 心血管机能 动脉血管弹性 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]