瓦氏马尾藻有性繁殖和幼孢子体发育的形态学观察  

MORPHOLOGICAL OBSERVATION OF SARGASSUM VACHELLIANUM SEXUAL REPRODUCTION AND JUVENILE SPOROPHYTE DEVELOPMENT

作　　者：韩军军[1,2] 白凯强 赵明林[1,2] 李信书[3] 陶燕东 张建伟[1,2] 于克峰[1,2] 何培民[1,2] HAN Jun-Jun BAI Kai-Qiang ZHAO Ming-Lin LI Xin-Shu TAO Yan-Dong ZHANG Jian-Wei YU Ke-Feng HE Pei-Min(College of Life and Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China Institutes of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China School of Marine Science ＆ Technology, HuaiHai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang 222005, China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学海洋科学研究院海洋生态环境和修复研究所,上海201306 [3]淮海工学院海洋学院,连云港222005

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2016年第6期1215-1220,共6页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC07B03)资助~~

摘　　要：通过采集浙江舟山枸杞岛海域野生瓦氏马尾藻(Sargassum vachellianum)进行培养,研究瓦氏马尾藻的繁殖季节、温度、生殖托的发育、卵子的成熟和排放、假根的生长以及幼孢子体的前期发育。实验结果表明:位于浙江舟山枸杞岛的瓦氏马尾藻繁殖季节为4—6月,繁殖高峰期水温为18—21℃。雌、雄生殖托早期无明显差异,中后期差异变大,瓦氏马尾藻藻体在排放完卵子和精子后开始衰败。瓦氏马尾藻卵子属于8核1卵型,受精过程在雌性生殖托表面发生,受精后开始从雌性生殖托脱落,部分存在挂托分裂现象。在幼孢子体分裂前期,假根生长速度大于幼孢子体本身的生长速度。幼孢子体先长成一片叶子,再进行第二片叶子的发育,逐渐分化出主茎和初生分枝。Sagassum vachellianum, one of our country unique algae, has attracted great attention. This paper focused on the main reproduction season, occurrence of receptacles, mature and release of ovum, growth of rhizoids and early development of juvenile sporophyte of S. vachellianum from Gouqi Island. It was found that the breeding season of S.vachellianum was mainly from April to June, and the optimum water temperature of reproduction was ranged from18℃ to 21℃. At the early stages, there were no significant difference between male and female receptacles, but the significant difference of shape appeared in later stages. The ovum development of S. vachellianum belongs to 8-nucle-I type, and the fertilization process occurred on the surface of female receptacles, and then the zygote began disengaged from receptacle after fertilization. In the prophase of juvenile sporophyte, rhizoid growth rate was faster than that of juvenile sporophyte. The first and second leaf developed and then differentiated into stem and branches. The study revealed the growth and development of S. vachellianum, to provide better reference for the artificial breeding of S.vachellianum.

关 键 词：瓦氏马尾藻 生殖托 幼孢子体 发育 

分 类 号：S968.429[农业科学—水产养殖]