人工模拟地质封存CO_2泄漏对土壤酶活性的影响  

Effect of artificial simulation for sealed CO_2 leakage on soil enzyme activities

作　　者：邓红章[1] 张慧慧[1] 李春荣[1] 韩枫[1] 张徽[2] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [2]中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心,河北保定071051

出　　处：《应用化工》2017年第1期4-9,共6页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41302207);陕西省自然科学基金(2014JM5212);中国地质调查项目(12120113006400)

摘　　要：基于人工控制CO_2泄漏平台,以鄂尔多斯二氧化碳地质储存地的土壤和典型植被玉米、豌豆和黑麦草为研究对象,考察了高浓度CO_2入侵包气带对土壤部分氧化还原酶和水解酶活性的响应规律,旨在为CO_2地质储存的风险评价提供依据。结果表明,当土壤CO_2浓度在900~719 800 mg/m^3范围内时,CO_2浓度增加,对玉米和豌豆试验区土壤过氧化氢酶、脱氢酶、脲酶以及蛋白酶活性有不同程度的促进作用,但对玉米土壤蔗糖酶活性却表现出抑制作用;黑麦草试验区各类酶活性随土壤CO_2浓度增加表现出提高、降低和先提高后降低三种变化趋势;进一步提升CO_2浓度达到作物致死阈值1 655 540 mg/m^3时,豌豆试验区土壤各类水解酶活性均达到最低,而黑麦草试验区土壤氧化还原酶活性和水解酶活性均高于其他试验区;三种作物相比,豌豆对CO_2胁迫的耐受性最弱,玉米次之,黑麦草最强,致死CO_2浓度下存活时间较久。即土壤酶活性不仅受制于高浓度CO_2的胁迫,而且与地表植被的类型等因素相关。Based on the manual control CO2 leakage platform,the soil and typical vegetation such as corns,peas and rye grass which were from the area of geological storage of carbon dioxide were selected as the research object. Through simulation experiments,we explored the mechanism of effects of elevated CO2 invasion into the vadose zone on partial soil oxidoreductase and hydrolase enzyme activities,so as to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the safe storage of CO2 and project implementation. Results show that when the concentration of CO2 in soil increased from 900 ~ 719 800 mg / m3,the soil catalase,dehydrogenase,urease and protease activities in the corn test areas increased to some extent,but the invertase activities in the corn areas generally decreased compared with the control areas. The various types of enzyme activities in ryegrass test area showed three variation trends（ increased,decreased,and first increased and then inhibited） with the soil elevated CO2. When CO2 reaches 1 655 540 mg / m3（ the concentration which leads crops to death.） in the soil,compare to the other test areas,the pea test areas have the lowest soil hydrolase activities while the ryegrass test areas have higher soil oxidoreductase and hydrolase activities. At the same time,the study found that the ryegrass had the higher CO2 stress tolerance and could survive for a long time than corns and peas. Visibly,the soil enzyme activity is not only subject to a high concentration of CO2,but also closely related to the type of vegetation and many other factors from the soil environment.

关 键 词：CO2泄漏 地质封存CO2 包气带 土壤酶活性 植物类型 

分 类 号：TQ925.9[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]