火干扰及环境因子对油松林林下植被的影响  

Fire disturbance and environmental factors for the undergrowth in a Pinus tabulaeformis forest

作　　者：褚燕琴[1] 牛树奎[1] 陈锋[1] 芮淑君 王凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2017年第1期96-103,共8页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：国家林业局林业科学技术推广项目(2015-04)

摘　　要：为研究火干扰及环境因子影响下油松Pinus tabulaeformis林林下植被的变化,以河北省平泉县辽河源森林公园人工油松林火烧迹地为对象,根据烧伤程度不同,划分为轻度、中度、重度3个火烧强度级别,设置重复3个·样地-1,并分别设置了对照样地(未过火林地),通过对不同火烧强度样地植被与环境因子进行调查,采用冗余分析(RDA)分析了环境因子对林下植被的影响,并探讨火烧迹地的林下植被恢复特征。结果表明:1火烧后林下植被的生长受树木死亡率和坡向的影响比较大,坡位和坡度对林下植被重要值几乎没有影响。2火烧过后植物种类均有所增加,草本种类和灌木种类的重要值发生了不同程度的变化,重度火烧迹地增加幅度最大,与对照相比,草本种类从15种增加到26种,灌木种类由3种增加为6种。3随着火烧强度的增加,林下植被的丰富度指数(R)和多样性指数(H)呈增加趋势(P<0.05),均匀度指数(J)递减(P<0.05)。火烧后林下植被的生长与变化,受林火因子与地形因子的共同影响,且火烧在一定程度上有利于林下植被的生长。To study the influence of fire disturbance and environmental factors on undergrowth vegetation changes in a Pinus tabulaeformis forest, burned areas of an artificial P . tabulaeformis forest in Liaoheyuan Na-tional Forest Park of Pingquan County, Hebei Province were used as research objects. The burned forest was divided into three levels according to the degree of burn： mild, moderate, and severe. And three repeated plots were set. Non-burned forests near the burned area were also used for control plots. A redundancy analysis （RDA） was conducted on undergrowth vegetation and environmental factors in the three degrees of the burned area and the non-burned forest. Analysis also determined the richness index（ R ）, diversity index（H）, and even-ness index （J）. Results showed that undergrowth regeneration after fire was largely influenced by tree mortality rate and slope aspect, but slope and slope position had little effect on important herbs. The importance value for herbs and shrubs showing different degrees of change after fire： compared to control plots the severe burned area had a sharp increase in the number of herbaceous species from 15 to 26 with the number of shrub species increasing from 3 to 6. With an increase in fire intensity, 9 and H showed an overall increase （P 〈 0.05）; whereas, J decreased （P 〈0.05）. Thus, growth and changes in undergrowth vegetation after fire were jointly affected by fire and topographic factors with fire being conducive to regeneration of undergrowth vegeta-tion partly. [Ch, 3 fig. 5 tab. 25 ref. ]

关 键 词：森林保护学 火烧强度 林下植被 冗余分析(RDA) 重要值 多样性指数 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]