亚硒酸钠对灵芝生长及富硒效应的影响  

Effects of Sodium Selenite on Ganoderma Growth and Selenium Enrichment

作　　者：吉清妹 潘孝忠 符传良 谢良商[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所/农业部海南耕地保育科学观测实验站/海南省耕地保育重点实验室,海口571100

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2016年第6期716-721,共6页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(314159);海南省科研院所技术开发专项项目(KYYS-2013-14)

摘　　要：为研究灵芝富硒栽培中不同浓度亚硒酸钠(0,0.1,0.4,0.8,1.2g·kg^(-1))对赤芝、紫芝、无柄紫芝、热带灵芝生长情况及富硒效应的影响程度,本试验分别采用平板培养基和木屑培养基对所选育的灵芝菌株进行培养试验,以菌丝体生长速度、子实体的生物量及子实体硒含量等为指标,研究不同浓度的亚硒酸钠对灵芝生长速度、子实体的生物量、子实体硒富集量的影响。结果表明:浓度为0.1~0.8g·kg^(-1)亚硒酸钠对4种灵芝的生长速度、子实体的生物量有抑制作用,且随着浓度的增大而有所加强,在相同情况下,平板培养基上菌丝体的生长受到的抑制作用较在木屑培养基上强;木屑培养基中灵芝子实体生物量随着亚硒酸钠浓度的增大而降低;灵芝子实体硒含量随着亚硒酸钠浓度的增大而升高;4种灵芝硒含量分别是对照的61,73,85.8,34.4倍;当亚硒酸钠浓度为1.2g·kg^(-1)时,灵芝的生长速度、生物量受抑制明显,子实体硒含量比浓度0.8g·kg^(-1)处理的低。综合认为,亚硒酸钠浓度为0.8g·kg^(-1)时,灵芝富硒能力最高,同时灵芝的生长速度、子实体生物量、子实体质量(菌盖的大小厚度等)受影响较小。栽培料中加入适量亚硒酸钠,对灵芝的生长及生物产量有较小的影响,灵芝子实体中硒含量随着亚硒酸钠浓度的增加而增加。The experiment was conducted to explore the effect of sodium selenite on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma sinense, Ganoderma mastoporum, and Ganoderma tropicum, and on selenium enrichment in their sporocarps. The four isolates were treated with serial doses of sodium selenite （0, 0.1, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2g·kg-1） both in a PDA plate and in sawdust media. The growth rate of mycelium, the biomass of sporocarps, and the selenium level of sporocarps were investigated. An inhibitive effect of sodium selenite in the dose range of 0.1-0.8g·kg-1 on the growth of mycelium and on the biomass of sporocarps was observed for all isolates, and the inhibition was enhanced with an increased dose. The growth of mycelium was inhibited more effectively in a PDA plate than in sawdust media by the same dose of sodium selenite. For sporocarps of Ganoderma incubated in sawdust media, the biomass was decreased, whereas the level of endogenous selenium was increased with an increased dose of sodium selenite. The highest level of selenium in sporocarps was observed when the concentration of sodium selenite was 0.8g·kg-1 in the media, and reached 61, 73,85.8 and 34.4 times then the control values for Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma sinense, Ganoderma mastoporum, and Ganoderma tropicum, respectively. Treatment with sodium selenite at the dose of 1 .2 g .k g -1 caused an obvious inhibition for both the growth rate of mycelium and the biomass of sporocarps, with a lower level of endogenous selenium in sporocarps than that of treatment with the dose of 0.8g·kg-1. Therefore, Ganoderma showed the highest selenium- enrichment capacity when the concentration of exogenous selenium was 0.8g·kg-1 in the media, a dose with a little influence on the growth rate of mycelium, the biomass and quality of sporocarps. Application with a feasible dose of sodium selenite to media has a little influence on the growth rate and biomass of Ganoderma, and the level of endogenous selenium was increased with an increased dose.

关 键 词：灵芝 硒含量 富硒灵芝 生长速度 

分 类 号：S567.31[农业科学—中草药栽培]