低视力优选视网膜区的定位假说  

Explanation for location of preferred retinal locus in low-vision patients

作　　者：陈晓晓[1] 李梦玮 孙兴怀[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院,国家近视眼重点实验室,上海市视觉损害与重建重点实验室,上海200031

出　　处：《国际眼科纵览》2016年第6期409-413,共5页International Review of Ophthalmology

摘　　要：黄斑疾病造成中心视力损害后，患者常使用旁中心注视来克服视觉功能的障碍，而在此过程中起替代作用的周边视网膜区的选择和形成便成为一个关键环节。目前已经有大量研究证明，患者利用稳定有效的优选视网膜区（preferredretinallocus，PRL）可以显著提高其在阅读以及视觉寻找等多个方面的视觉表现，从而明确了进行周围非黄斑区视网膜感知训练的重要性和必要性。然而，很多关于优选视网膜区的重要理论尤其是定位的相关理论有待进一步建立和统一。本文就优选视网膜区的定位假说的功能．动力学说、执行．动力学说、视网膜投射-动力学说等进行文献综述。Macular diseases always result in central scotoma. In such cases, formation of substitute peripheral retinal plays an important role in eccentric viewing to avoid visual difficulties. Researches have been accomplished to prove that adopting a peripheral retinal location for fixation （preferred retinal locus, PRL） helps improving visual activities such as reading and searching. Thus it＇ s necessary to conduct per- ceptual training in patients using non-foveal location on the retina. One of the key, yet unresolved questions related to central scotoma is what determines the location of the PRL. The purpose of this review is to sum- marize key findings on explanation for location of PRL, including function-driven explanation of PRL, per- formance-driven explanation of PRL and retinotopy-driven explanation of PRL.

关 键 词：黄斑疾病 中心暗点 优选视网膜区 感知训练 

分 类 号：R774[医药卫生—眼科]