非编码RNA在胚胎发育过程中的作用  

The Progress of Recent Advances in the ncRNA-Mediated Regulation during Embryogenesis

作　　者：吴昊[1,2,3] 张运海[1,2] 凌英会[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学动物科技学院,合肥230036 [2]安徽地方畜禽遗传资源保护与生物育种省级实验室,合肥230036 [3]安徽省羊繁育工程技术研究中心,合肥230036

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2017年第1期1-7,共7页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31301934;31372310);安徽省现代农业产业技术体系(2016-2020)

摘　　要：胚胎发育是一个复杂的过程,其发生受到了很多转录调控因子的调控。随着高通量深度测序技术的发展,研究发现非编码RNA(ncRNA)对动物胚胎发育、X染色体失活、性别调控、脑部发育都具有十分重要的调控作用。其中,miRNA主要通过与其靶向mRNA的3′UTR结合参与调控胚胎发育的相关基因;lncRNA通过转录干扰或是修饰染色质来调控相关基因从而介导哺乳动物X染色体失活和昆虫W染色体的剂量补偿;piRNA通过沉默转座子来维持生殖细胞DNA完整性,并参与生殖细胞形成及家蚕性别调控;circRNA可以作为miRNA的海绵调控动物脑部的发育。本文拟从miRNA、lncRNA、piRNA、circRNA等ncRNA角度阐述其在胚胎发育过程中的研究进展,为进一步研究ncRNA参与调控动物胚胎发育过程的作用机制提供参考。Embryogenesis was a complex progress which is regulated by many transcriptional regulation factors. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology,non-coding RNAs（ncRNAs）are found to play an important role in the embryogenesis,X chromosome inactivation,gender regulation and the development of animal brain.Firstly,miRNAs regulate the expression of genes related to embryogenesis through targeting the 3′ UTR of the targeted mRNAs.Secondly,lncRNAs mediate mammal X chromosome inactivation and insect X chromosome dosage compensation through interfering transcription or modifying chromatin.Thirdly,piRNAs can maintain the DNA integrity of the germ cell in the way of silencing transposon and regulating silkworm sex differentiation.Lastly,circRNAs can act as the spongy of miRNAs and play agreat role in the development of mammal animal brain.Here,we elucidate the advances of ncRNAs through the regulation during animal embryogenesis,which will provide a reference for further study on the mechanism of ncRNA during the embryogenesis.

关 键 词：非编码RNA(ncRNA) 胚胎发育 X染色体失活 性别调控 脑部发育 

分 类 号：S813.1[农业科学—畜牧学]