基于激光点云的隧道超欠挖检测方法研究  

Research on the Detection Method of Tunnel Under-over Break Using Point Cloud

作　　者：许磊[1] 王长进[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学,武汉430079 [2]铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司,天津300251

出　　处：《铁道工程学报》2016年第12期77-81,共5页Journal of Railway Engineering Society

摘　　要：研究目的:隧道作为一种重要的地下空间结构体,在施工过程中需要经常检测其超挖与欠挖状况,分析评价隧道施工质量与隧道围岩稳定性。传统基于全站仪或断面仪的检测方法效率低,基于地面激光扫描仪进行隧道的超欠挖检测,检测效率高,成果精度满足规范要求。本文提出一种基于激光点云的隧道超欠挖检测算法,实现隧道的超欠挖自动检测。研究结论:(1)利用三维激光点云数据进行隧道超欠挖检测,不仅效率高,而且精度高;(2)基于KD tree树形结构对离散点云进行组织管理,采用半径搜索与矩形分割算法,实现断面点云快速分割;(3)基于多边形相交算法的超欠挖面积统计,可以适应多种隧道类型的超欠挖检测;(4)采用激光点云进行隧道的超欠挖检测,其效率高、结果全面详实,可以应用于隧道施工阶段的超欠挖检测。Research purposes： As an important underground structure, tunnel detection is a frequency jobs during construction stage, which evaluates the construction quality and the stability of surrounding rock. Current traditional technologies that using total station and profile measurement instrument is time consuming. Based on terrestrial laser scanner, the new detection method is efficient and accurate. This paper proposed novel approach to detect tunnel under -over break using laser scanning cloud. Research conclusions： （ 1 ） Detection of tunnel under - over break with three - dimensional laser point cloud can achieve high efficiency and high precision at the same time. （2）As the discrete point cloud data is organized based on KD tree algorithm, filtered using radius search method and rectangle algorithm, section point cloud can be segmented very quickly. （3） The under - over break area statistics based on polygon intersection algorithm, can be used to under - over break detection in a variety of tunnels. （4） The new method is characterized by reliable precision and wide universality, and can fulfill the requirement of tunnel under - over break on construction stage.

关 键 词：激光点云 超欠挖 隧道截面 点云滤波 

分 类 号：P225[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]