资源依赖:我国社会组织自治权保障的一个框架  

Resource Dependence:A Framework of Protection of Social Organizations' Autonomy in China

作　　者：孙欢[1] SUN Huan

机构地区：[1]武汉大学政治与公共管理学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《甘肃理论学刊》2017年第1期122-130,共9页Gansu Theory Research

基　　金：联合国开发计划署(UNDP)与我国政府中央编办合作委托项目"中国公共部门改革创新战略"(编号:00056242)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：自治权作为社会组织的基本权利,是社会组织自身使命得到良好贯彻的重要保障。尽管十八大以来我国社会组织的自主治理地位不断得到了加强,但社会组织自治权仍处于偏弱地位,社会组织独立寻求治理空间依旧存在不足。借助资源依赖理论,本文认为社会组织自治权出现的偏弱重要原因在于政府与社会组织的非对称性资源依赖关系:政府在服务能力资源和民意资源等方面上对社会组织是一种选择性依赖,而社会组织在形式合法性资源和资金资源等方面上对政府是一种必要性依赖。因此,实现和保障社会组织自治权的根本途径在于构建政府与社会组织的对称性资源依赖关系。政府需要通过改革双重管理体制、推进政府服务购买等方式释放依赖性资源,而社会组织需要通过资源转化和资源拓展战略来构筑抵消性力量。The autonomy ,as the fundamental right of social organization, offers an important guarantee for the complete implement of its mission. Although the independence of social organization has been strengthened since 18th National Congress of the CPC, the problem of the autonomy of social organizations weakening hasn＇t been solved completely, the space for social organization act on there is still limited. With the aid of resource dependence theory, this paper argues that the cause of the problem could be ac- count to the asymmetric dependencies relations between government and social organizations, government dependent on the social organizations selectively（service capacity resources, etc. ） and social organizations dependent on government necessarily （legitimacy resources, etc. ）. Therefore, the fundamental way to guarantee the autonomy of social organizations is to build symmetry dependencies between two of them. The government need to release dependent resources by reforming the double management system and developing government purchase of public services and others, while the social organizations need to build a countervailing power by the strategy of resources transformation and the strategy of resources development.

关 键 词：社会组织 政府 自治权 资源依赖 非对称性 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]