没有历史的诗学——钱锺书的宋诗研究及其诗学观念的变异  

The Poetics Without History——Qian Zhongshu's Study on the Poems of the Song Dynasty and the Variation of His Poetic Ideas

作　　者：周景耀[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学人文与传媒学院中文系

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2017年第1期41-51,共11页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：宁波大学人才工程项目(ZX2016000093)

摘　　要：钱锺书依托西方近代以来文学本位的观念,构建起其有异于中国传统诗学精神的诗歌评价标准。藉此标准,钱锺书对以宋诗为代表的中国古代诗歌的评价呈现出与传统不同的阐释路径,但现代诗学观念给他提供新的评判可能的同时,却也因此观念无视诗之"背境"、固守文本而不及历史,而有损其阐释实践的有效性。钱锺书诗学观念的反历史气质,使之重构了传统诗、史关系,他将历史置诸文学视域内进行观察,历史因之被赋予审美的特质而失其所是。这种近乎审美本质主义的做法,使得钱锺书对围绕在诗、史关系周边的传统诗学观念发生了误解、无视乃至反动。Qian Zhongshu constructed an aberrant poetic evaluation standard with the concepts of modern western literary paradigm which far departs from the spirit of traditional Chinese poetics. He applied his standard to the practice of evaluating ancient Chinese poetry represented by the Song Poetry and built a different way of interpretation. Although modern poetics can provide a new evaluation paradigm,its validity is undermined because it is merely text focused and ignores the historical background. Qian Zhongshu's reconstruction of the relationship of poetry history loses justifiability because it observes history merely within the literary scope and endows history with an aesthetic dimension. These properties of aesthetic essentialism in Qian Zhongshu's practice make him misunderstand,ignore,and even defy traditional Chinese poetic tradition in view of the relationship of poetry history.

关 键 词：钱锺书 《宋诗选注》 文学本位 历史 比兴 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]