太湖湖滨带春季悬浮物沉降特征与水体营养盐响应  

Deposition Characteristics of Suspended Solids and the Response of Dissolved Nutrients in Spring in the Western Lakeside of Taihu Lake

作　　者：祁闯 王国祥[2,3] 吴馨婷 许晓光[2,3] 韩睿明[2,3] 吴松峻[2] QI Chuang WANG Guo-xiang WU Xin-ting XU Xiao-guang HAN Rui-ming WU Song-jun(Sehool of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Institute of Water Environmental Eeo- remediation, Nanjing 210023, China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210097 [2]南京师范大学环境学院,南京210097 [3]江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,江苏省环境演变与生态建设重点实验室,江苏省水土环境生态修复工程实验室,南京210023

出　　处：《环境科学》2017年第1期95-103,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41173078);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07101-008-02);江苏省太湖水环境综合治理科研项目(JSZC-G2014-212)

摘　　要：为研究湖滨带悬浮物沉降过程中水体营养盐时空分布状况,在太湖西岸湖滨带典型区域进行原位沉降实验,计算了沉降量和沉降通量,并对沉降过程中TP、TN、NH+4-N、NO-3-N测定分析.结果表明,太湖西岸湖滨带沉降通量表现为人工芦苇区>近岸无植被区>自然芦苇区>远岸无植被区,平均沉降通量分别为(1 383.40±925.60)、(1 208.67±743.50)、(278.72±142.53)、(245.58±154.25)g·(m2·d)-1,沉降第6 d以后沉降量稳定上升,沉降速率大于分解速率;经过持续15 d野外沉降实验观测,沉降过程中近岸带的TP含量是远岸带的2~3倍,且沉积物捕获器内NH+4-N和NO-3-N含量出现显著的差异(P<0.01);沉降量与水体TN和NH+4-N含量呈显著相关(P<0.01,n=42),表明沉降量的增加会导致上覆水体TN与NH+4-N含量增加;TN与NH+4-N相关系数为0.84,显示沉降量的增加可能加速氮素不同形态间相互转化,这一现象在当前太湖湖泛治理中应当予以重视.To reveal the spatiotemporal characteristics of nutrients in the deposition process of suspended solids in lakeside zone,in situ deposition tests were performed in the western lakeside of Taihu Lake,and the contents of TP,TN,NH＋4-N and NO-3-N were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the deposition fluxes in the western lakeside of Taihu Lake ranked as follows： artificial reed areas non-vegetation nearshore areas natural reed areas non-vegetation offshore areas,with their average values of（ 1 383. 40± 925. 60）,（ 1 208. 67 ± 743. 50）,（ 278. 72 ± 142. 53）,（ 245. 58 ± 154. 25） g·（ m2·d）-1,respectively. From the 6th day,the deposition volume steadily increased,with the deposition rate larger than the decomposition rate. Through the 15-day continuous in situ observation,the content of TP in nearshore zone was 2-3 folds larger than that of offshore zone,and the content of NH＋4-N was significantly different from that of NO-3-N in the settlement bottle（ P〈0. 01）. The deposition volume was significantly and positively correlated to both TN and NH＋4-N contents in the water column（ P〈0. 01,n = 42）,suggesting that the TN and NH＋4-N contents in the overlying water increased with the deposition fluxes. The correlation coefficient between TN and NH＋4-N was 0. 84,implicating that the increase of deposition flux may accelerate the mutual transformation between different forms of nitrogen. These findings should be taken into account in the current control of black blooms and nutrient management in Taihu Lake.

关 键 词：太湖 湖滨带 沉降通量 沉积物捕获器 营养盐 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]