等养分条件下生物有机肥与化肥配施对双季稻产量和土壤性状的影响  

Combined Fertilization of Bio-organic Fertilizer and Chemical Fertilizer: The Effect on Double Cropping Rice and Soil Properties Under Equivalent Nutrient Rates

作　　者：廖萍[1] 汤军 黄山[1] 曾勇军[1] 石庆华[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学双季稻现代化生产协同创新中心/作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室/江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室,南昌330045

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第2期16-20,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"鄱阳湖生态经济区绿色高效循环农业技术集成与示范"(2012BAD14B14);"长江中游东部(江西)水稻节水节肥丰产技术集成与示范"(2013BAD07B12);江西省科技计划项目"石灰和有机培肥对双季水稻产量和土壤质量的互作效应"(20151BBF60082)

摘　　要：在红壤性双季稻田上进行2年田间试验,比较等量氮、磷、钾养分投入下常规化肥处理(NPK)与生物有机肥替代基肥中的化肥处理(NPK+BF)对水稻产量及产量构成、SPAD值、氮素吸收和土壤性状的差异的影响,旨在明确等养分条件下生物有机肥和化肥配施对双季稻产量和土壤性状的影响。结果表明:NPK+BF处理有降低早稻产量的趋势,但未达到显著水平;对晚稻产量无显著影响。NPK+BF处理有降低早晚稻有效穗数和提高结实率的趋势。NPK+BF降低了分蘖期水稻叶片的SPAD值和成熟期的氮素积累量,但仅在2014年早稻季达到显著水平。NPK+BF显著降低了双季水稻的氮素吸收利用率,但2013年晚稻季未达到显著水平。试验2年后,NPK+BF有提高土壤有机碳和碱解氮含量的趋势,但未达到显著水平。NPK+BF显著提高了土壤有效磷的含量。该试验表明在双季稻生产中短期内生物有机肥能够替代部分化肥,但长期效应还有待观测。A 2- year field experiment was conducted on red soil under double rice cropping system to investigate the effect of conventional chemical fertilizer treatment（NPK） and Bio-organic fertilizer replaced base fertilizer treatment（NPK ＋ BF） on rice yield and its components, SPAD value, N uptake and soil properties under equivalent NPK rates. The results showed that NPK＋BF tended to reduce the early rice yield,but was not significantly, and had little effect on late rice yield. NPK＋BF tended to reduce the number of panicles and increase the percentage of filled grains in both the early and late rice. NPK＋BF reduced SPADvalue at tillering stage and the total N accumulation at mature stage, but the results were significant only inearly rice of 2014. NPK＋BF significantly reduced N absorption and utilization rate of double cropping rice, butit was not significant in late rice of 2013. After the 2-year experiment, NPK＋BF increased soil organic carbon content and available nitrogen content, but the results were not significant. NPK ＋ BF increased available phosphorous content significantly. The results indicated that short- term substitution of portion of chemicalfertilizers with bio-organic fertilizer was feasible in the production of double cropping rice, but the long-term effect needed further research.

关 键 词：等养分 生物有机肥 双季稻 产量 土壤性状 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学]