夏季积层混合云降水的云特征参数演变及人工增雨可播性研究  

Evolution of Microphysical Characteristic Parameters of Stratiform Mixed Clouds in Summer and Artificial Precipitation Enhancement

作　　者：孙鸿娉[1] 李培仁[1] 申东东[1] 李义宇[1] 封秋娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省人工降雨防雹办公室,太原030002

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第3期126-134,共9页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山西省气象局重点项目"山西省降水云系过冷水区分布规律的飞机观测和数值模拟研究"(SXKZDRY20165204);山西省重点研发计划"黄土高原降水云系过冷水分布规律的飞机观测与数值模拟研究"(201603D321123);公益性行业专项"层状云人工增雨作业条件识别和效果分析技术"(GYHY201206025)

摘　　要：为了使FY-2C/D卫星资料反演云系微物理特征参数更好地应用于人工影响天气作业中,利用2010年8月17—19日山西夏季积层混合云降水过程的雷达、卫星、机载云物理探测平台的综合探测资料,对云系演变特征、人工增雨的可播性以及催化效果进行分析。结果表明:云系维持时间达35 h,17日白天到夜间云层不断增厚,云粒子有效半径(Re)稳定变化较小,降水少,云系的自然降水过程较弱,具有较好的增雨作业潜力。8月17日白天云顶温度-10℃,云滴有效半径小于12μm,云系密实,云中过冷水含量丰沛,大粒子与冰晶含量较少;夜晚在高云的播种效应之下,产生较大降水;持续稳定的中低层状云系存在较好的增雨作业机会。综合分析可知,适宜于这次夏季积层混合云降水人工催化条件的卫星判据为:云系厚度大于2 km,云顶温度-10^-20℃,云顶云粒子有效半径小于15μm。The paper aims to make better use of microphysical characteristic parameters inversed by FY-2C/D satellite data in weather modification operation, the characteristics of cloud system evolution, artificial precipitation enhancement and cloud seeding effect were analyzed by using the data of radar, satellite, airborne cloud physical detection platform at mixed convective stratiform cloud precipitation process in August 17-19, 2010, in Shanxi. The results showed that： the cloud maintain time was 35 hours, the clouds continued thickening, the cloud particle effective radius （Re） was stable and had little change, the precipitation was less, the natural precipitation of cloud system was weaker, with good potential for precipitation enhancement during the day and into the night of August 17. In the daytime, the cloud top temperature was -10℃, the cloud droplet effective radius was less than 12 μm, the clouds were dense, the cloud water content was abundant, and the large particles and ice content were fewer. In night, under the high cloud seeding effect, there was heavy precipitation; sustained and stable low stratiform clouds were better for precipitation enhancement operation. Comprehensive analysis showed that the satellite criterion which was suitable for artificial precipitation enhancement of laminated hybrid cloud precipitation in summer was： cloud thickness greater than 2 km, cloud top temperature of-10- -20℃, and genting cloud effective particle radius less than 15 μm.

关 键 词：卫星反演 层状云 人工增雨条件 过冷云 卫星判据 

分 类 号：P4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]