解磷微生物对土壤磷资源利用影响的研究进展  

Research Advances in Effect of Phosphate-Solubilizing Microorganisms on Soil Phosphorus Resource Utilization

作　　者：滕泽栋 李敏[1] 朱静[1] 宋明阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《土壤通报》2017年第1期229-235,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51279004);人事部留学基金委择优资助项目(优秀项目类)资助

摘　　要：我国磷肥的使用量正逐年递增,但由于施入土壤的磷素大多被固定,以无效态(难溶态)在土壤中积累,导致磷资源的利用率很低,如何提高土壤磷资源的利用率已成为近些年的研究热点。解磷微生物能够利用自身代谢产物或者通过与其他生物的协同作用,将土壤中难溶的磷酸盐转化为植物生长可利用磷,因此而备受关注。本文在介绍我国磷资源概况的基础上,综述了解磷微生物的生态分布、解磷能力、解磷机理,对土壤与植物磷素利用的影响,同时介绍了解磷微生物在环境污染物控制中的应用,旨在为解磷微生物在磷资源利用方面的研究提供理论支持。The use of phosphate fertilizer is increasing year by year in China, and phosphorus in soils is mainly found as mineral phosphorous or organic phosphorous, which is insoluble and unavailable to plants and low utilization of phosphorus resources. Therefore, how to improve the utilization of soil phosphorus resource becomes a hot area of research in recent years. Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms （PSM） can dissolve insoluble phosphorus and transform them into soluble phosphorus by utilizing their own metabolites or through the synergistic effect with other microbes and plants. Based on the introduction of the phosphorus resource status in China, this paper reviewed the research status of PSM including the phosphate-dissolving abilities and mechanism, the effect of phosphorus forms on plant growth, and the application of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms in environmental pollution control and would provide a powerful support for soil phosphorus resource utilization by PSMs.

关 键 词：解磷微生物 磷资源 利用 土壤 植物 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]