中国研究生教育发展的制度自觉与道路转型  

Institutional Awareness and Training Approach Transformation in the Development of China's Postgraduate Education

作　　者：戚兴华[1] 黄崴 

机构地区：[1]中山大学政治与公共事务管理学院,广州510275 [2]岭南师范学院,广东湛江524048

出　　处：《研究生教育研究》2017年第1期1-7,共7页Journal of Graduate Education

基　　金：2015年中国学位与研究生教育学会面上项目(2015Y0403);2014年广东省学位与研究生教育改革项目(2014JGXM-MS02)

摘　　要：中国研究生教育起源于20世纪初,至20世纪90年代,制度建设一直是推动国内研究生教育发展的主要力量。之后随着研究生教育基本制度框架的形成与稳定,研究生教育发展进入工程化阶段。制度建设与工程化是中国研究生教育百年发展的两大基本动力。当前,中国研究生教育面临发展动力转型,质量治理成为高校研究生教育自主发展的可选模式。研究生教育发展理念从封闭系统走向开放系统,从独立空间走向公共空间;发展模式从静态环节体系走向动态主体体验,从学制-体制性知识学习研究走向个体-群体性学术交流创新;发展主体从政府转为高校,主导因素从外部力量转向内生性力量;研究生自身发展重点从身份确立转变到身份认同,从整体身份认同转化为个性化发展路径生成。The postgraduate education in China can trace back to the early 20th century, and the institutional construction had been the major force for the development of the postgraduate education in China until the 1990s. Then, with the formation and stabilization of the basic system framework of the education, the development came into an engineering stage. The institutional construction and engineering approach are the two fundamental motive forces for long-term development of the postgraduate education Presently, the postgraduate education is facing a transformation of motive force for development. The quality governance becomes an optional choice for independent development of postgraduate education at higher-learning institutions. The development concept changes from a closed system to an open system, from an isolated space to a public space; the development mode moves from a statistic linkage system to a dynamic subjective experience system, from school system- institutional knowledge study and research to individual-group academic exchange and innovation; the development entity changes from government to universities, and the leading factor from external power to the endogenous power. The focus on the development of postgraduates shifts from identity confirmation to identity acknowledgement, from group identity acknowledgement to the formation of individualized development paths.

关 键 词：研究生教育 发展路径 制度化 工程化 质量治理 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]