作物抗旱基因研究进展及在马铃薯抗旱种质创新中的应用  

Progress of crop drought tolerant gene mining and the potential application of developing drought-tolerant potato breeding

作　　者：王晓斌[1,2] 胡开明[1,2] 范阿琪 赵锋[1,2] 张俊莲[1,3] 王蒂[1,2] 白江平[1,2] WANG Xiao-bin HU Kai-ming FAN A-qi ZHAO Feng ZHANG Jun-lian WANG Di BAI Jiang-ping(Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement ＆ Germplasm Enhancement - Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Eanzhou, Gansu 730070, China College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou , Gansu 730070, China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室,甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2017年第1期248-257,294,共11页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31460369);甘肃科技基金(1308RJZA131,1308RJIA005);中科院西部之光项目;兰州科技研究项目(2013-4-156)

摘　　要：整理并分析了近年来已经公开发表的68个抗旱相关基因,其中包括转录因子,以及提高渗透物质积累,具有解毒和抗氧化胁迫,控制作物生物大分子合成的基因,并对这些基因在作物抗旱中的作用机理及应用进展进行了分析。得出转录因子主要是通过激活或者抑制下游与干旱相关基因的表达,与渗透调节相关的基因主要是维持细胞内外渗透平衡,具有解毒和抗氧化胁迫的基因主要是通过清除活性氧的积累,与生物大分子合成有关的基因主要在逆境中可以产生一些逆境蛋白,从而提高作物耐逆性。同时整理并分析了利用基因工程改良马铃薯种质的发展现状与存在问题。This paper reviewed the function of 68 drought-tolerant genes reported that could enhance the osmotic accumulation,detoxification and antioxidant,bio-molecule. The results showed that the function of transcription factor mainly by activating or inhibiting the expression of downstream drought genes; osmotic genes mainly maintained cell inside and outside osmotic balance; detoxification and antioxidant genes mainly eliminated the accumulation of reactive oxygen species; the genes involved in biological macromolecular synthesis can produce some adversity protein and enhanced crop resistance. In addition,existing problems are listed in order to provide a theoretical basis for the future in arid and semi-arid areas autopolyploid potato breeding drought-resistant crops.

关 键 词：作物 抗旱基因 功能基因 马铃薯 种质 

分 类 号：S943.2[农业科学—水产养殖] S532[农业科学—水产科学]